Benzodiazepines promote the intermediate stage at the expense of paradoxical sleep in the rat

Gandolfo, Gabriel; Scherschlicht, R.; Gottesmann, Claude

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(94)90244-5

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…One group also found an increase in REM sleep after DZ (Feng and Gu, 2005). The effects of DZ on phasic REM have been analyzed in three previous studies, all consistently reporting a suppression of phasic REM (Monmaur, 1981;Gandolfo et al, 1994;Gottesmann et al, 1998), which is in agreement with the results of the present study.…”

Section: Diazepam Effects On Sleepsupporting

confidence: 82%

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

et al. 2013

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Section: Diazepam Effects On Sleepsupporting

confidence: 82%

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

et al. 2013

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“…An off-line program displayed 10-s epochs of EEG and EMG on screen for the manual scoring of the vigilance states wakefulness, non-REMS, pre-REMS and REMS. Pre-REMS, also called the intermediate state, usually precedes REMS and is characterized by high-amplitude spindle-like EEG signals on a background of theta (6-9 Hz) activity (Gandolfo et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Subchronic Administration of the Neurosteroid Allopregnanolone on Sleep in the Rat

Damianisch

Rupprecht

Lancel

2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

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Various steroids modulate ␥ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor-mediated transmission through an allosteric mechanism that is distinct from that of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. Particularly the ring A-reduced metabolites of progesterone: 3 ␣ -hydroxy-5 ␣ -pregnan-20-one (allopregnanolone) and 3 ␣ -hydroxy-5 ␤ -pregnan-20-one (pregnanolone), and of deoxycorticosterone: tetrahydro-DOC (THDOC), are potent naturally occurring agonistic modulators of GABA A receptors (reviewed in Majewska 1992;Rupprecht and Holsboer 1999). Earlier studies demonstrated that these neurosteroids exhibit hypnotic properties. Pregnanolone and THDOC have been shown to rapidly promote nonrapid eye movement sleep (non-REMS) in rats (Edgar et al. 1997;Mendelson et al. 1987). Reportedly, pregnanolone also enhances sleep propensity in humans (Schulz et al. 1996). Likewise, allopregnanolone evokes dose-related sleep changes in rats, including a reduced sleep onset latency, an increase in pre-REMS (a substate of non-REMS, which usually precedes REMS), an attenuation of power in the lower frequencies and an elevation of power in the frequency range of sleep spindles in the electroencephalogram (EEG) within non-REMS (Lancel et al. 1997).The sleep effects of THDOC, pregnanolone and allopregnanolone closely match those of other agonistic

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“…Indeed, barbiturates and benzodiazepines enhance the IS at the expense of PS which is totally or partially suppressed, i.e. the normal sleep is not maintained by these compounds during the first 3 h. One exception is the benzodiazepine midazolam which increases IS without PS decrease (Gandolfo et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the other hand, zopiclone increases the latency of the IS and PS, which is also the case for PS with zolpidem, an imidazopyridine . Under triazolam (a benzodiazepine) the latency of the IS is decreased while that of PS is increased (Gandolfo et al 1994). The total amount of IS and PS is decreased by zopiclone but with a difference in the duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Influence of zopiclone, a new generation hypnotic, on the intermediate stage and paradoxical sleep in the rat

Gauthier

Arnaud

Stutzmann³

et al. 1997

Psychopharmacology

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This study examined the influence of zopiclone, a third generation hypnotic, on the transition from slow wave sleep to paradoxical sleep (PS) which is increased at the expense of PS by barbiturates and benzodiazepines. The compound decreased sleep latency and increased the latency of the intermediate stage (IS) and PS at 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg IP. The amount of the IS was decreased because of the decrease in phase number up to 6 h at all doses. PS amount was decreased during 2 h at 2.5 mg/kg and during 4 h at 5 and 7.5 mg/kg also because of the decrease in phase number. The IS never substituted for PS. The IS spindle characteristics were not modified and the theta rhythm frequency slightly decreased at 5 mg/kg (IS) and 7.5 mg/kg (PS).

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Benzodiazepines promote the intermediate stage at the expense of paradoxical sleep in the rat

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

Global slowing of network oscillations in mouse neocortex by diazepam

The Influence of Subchronic Administration of the Neurosteroid Allopregnanolone on Sleep in the Rat

Influence of zopiclone, a new generation hypnotic, on the intermediate stage and paradoxical sleep in the rat

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