Benzothiadiazole treatment inhibits membrane lipid metabolism and straight-chain volatile compound release in Penicillium expansum-inoculated apple fruit

Gong, Di; Bi, Yang; Zhang, Xuemei; Han, Zhanhong; Zong, Yuanyuan; Sionov, Edward; Prusky, Dov

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111671

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…During colonization, the increase in the SFA (stearic acid and palmitic acid) contents and the decrease in the USFA (oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid) contents can be observed in the decayed tissues. Fungal colonization causes excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in the fruit cells, while ROS can trigger phospholipase A2 that catalyzes the membrane lipid, releasing USFAs [ 51 , 52 ]. Moreover, ROS can oxidize USFAs to SFAs, decreasing the degree of unsaturation in the decayed region [ 53 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Change of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in Colonized Apples by Penicillium expansum

Gong

Zong

et al. 2022

Foods

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Penicillium expansum is a necrotrophic pathogen, which actively kills host cells and obtains nutrients from dead cells to achieve infection. However, few reports have elucidated the differential levels of carbon and nitrogen sources over increasing distances of the leading edge in fungal colonized fruit tissues during colonization. Our results showed that the highest consumption of sucrose and fructose, as well as the accumulation of glucose, were found in the decayed region of P. expansum-colonized ‘Delicious’ apple fruit compared with the healthy region at the leading edge and the healthy region 6 mm away from the leading edge. As nitrogen sources, the contents of methionine, glutamate, leucine, valine, isoleucine and serine were the lowest in the decayed region compared with the healthy regions during colonization. In addition, the titratable acidity, oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid and malic acid showed the highest accumulation in the decayed region compared with the healthy regions. P. expansum colonization induced the accumulation of saturated fatty acids in the decayed region, while the level of unsaturated fatty acids was the lowest. These changes were not observed in the healthy regions. These results indicated that P. expansum kills cells in advance of its colonization in order to obtain the nutrients of the apple tissue from the distal leading tissue of the colonized apple. It is understood that more carbon and nitrogen sources are required for fungal colonization, and a stronger defense response against colonization occurred in the fruit, causing the transit of nutrients from the distal tissue to the infected sites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Change of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in Colonized Apples by Penicillium expansum

Gong

Zong

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…The hydroxylamine method elaborated by Sadeghi et al (2020) was applied to determine superoxide anion (O 2 •– ) production rate, and the value was expressed as μmol –1 min g –1 . As the end product is lipid peroxidation, MDA content was determined by referring to the modified thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method as previously proposed ( Gong et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antofine Triggers the Resistance Against Penicillium italicum in Ponkan Fruit by Driving AsA-GSH Cycle and ROS-Scavenging System

et al. 2022

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Postharvest fungal infection can accelerate the quality deterioration of Ponkan fruit and reduce its commodity value. Penicillium italicum is the causal pathogen of blue mold in harvested citrus fruits, not only causing huge fungal decay but also leading to quality deterioration. In our preliminary study, antofine (ATF) was found to have a great potential for significant in vitro suppression of P. italicum growth. However, the regulatory mechanism underpinning ATF-triggered resistance against P. italicum in citrus fruit remains unclear. Here, the protective effects of ATF treatment on blue mold development in harvested Ponkan fruit involving the enhancement of ROS-scavenging system were investigated. Results showed that ATF treatment delayed blue mold development and peel firmness loss. Moreover, the increase of electrolyte leakage, O2•– production, and malonyldialdehyde accumulation was significantly inhibited by ATF treatment. The ATF-treated Ponkan fruit maintained an elevated antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by inducted the increase in glutathione (GSH) content, delayed the declines of ascorbic acid (AsA) content and GSH/oxidized GSH ratio, and enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and six key AsA-GSH cycle-related enzymes, along with their encoding gene expressions, thereby maintaining ROS homeostasis and reducing postharvest blue mold in harvested Ponkan fruit. Collectively, the current study revealed a control mechanism based on ATF-triggered resistance and maintenance of a higher redox state by driving AsA-GSH cycle and ROS-scavenging system in P. italicum-infected Ponkan fruit.

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“…The wet mycelium (0.5 g) was taken out from the mixture and added to the sterile centrifuge tube together with 5 ml of vanillin solution (10 mg/ml), and the control group was treated with an equal volume of sterile water. Then the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the mixture was determined at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. The MDA content was determined according to the method of Gong et al (2021) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of vanillin on postharvest disease control of apple

et al. 2022

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Apple fruits are susceptible to infection by postharvest fungal pathogens, which may cause fruit decay and severe economic losses. This study investigated the antifungal spectrum of vanillin against common decay pathogens of apple and explored the antifungal mechanisms of vanillin in vitro. In vivo experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of vanillin on apple postharvest disease control and fruit quality. Moreover, the induced resistance mechanism of vanillin on apple fruit was preliminarily explored. The results showed that vanillin has broad-spectrum antifungal effects, especially on Alternaria alternata. Vanillin could significantly inhibit the growth rate, mycelium biomass, and spore germination of pathogenic fungi by increasing the cell membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation. Importantly, vanillin treatment reduced the incidence of apple decay caused by A. alternata and Penicillium expansum, and contributed to improve fruit quality. Further studies indicated that vanillin could induce elevation in the activities of defense-related enzymes in apple fruit, such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chitinase (CHI) and β-1,3-glucanase (β-1,3-GA), and increase total phenols and flavonoids contents. Generally, these results suggest that vanillin may contribute to the induced resistance of apple fruits to pathogenic fungi. To conclude, the results of this research provide theoretical foundations for the application of vanillin in the control of apple postharvest decay caused by fungal pathogens.

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Benzothiadiazole treatment inhibits membrane lipid metabolism and straight-chain volatile compound release in Penicillium expansum-inoculated apple fruit

Cited by 27 publications

References 55 publications

Dynamic Change of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in Colonized Apples by Penicillium expansum

Dynamic Change of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources in Colonized Apples by Penicillium expansum

Antofine Triggers the Resistance Against Penicillium italicum in Ponkan Fruit by Driving AsA-GSH Cycle and ROS-Scavenging System

Impact of vanillin on postharvest disease control of apple

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