Benzotrithiophene-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks: Construction and Structure Transformation under Ionothermal Condition

Abstract

A C-symmetric benzotrithiophene tricarbaldehyde (BTT) is synthesized for the first time with a facile method, which is used to construct BTT-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with different pore sizes. Meanwhile, the structure transformations of the COFs under high-temperature ionothermal condition are studied systematically, and the relationships between the regularly changed structures of the further-cross-linked COFs and their supercapacitor performances are investigated. It turns out that dealing with COFs of designated structures under ionothermal condition is a great method to build highly conductive structure-controllable materials for electrochemical applications.

Optoelectronic processes in covalent organic frameworks

“…Furthermore, the amount of free spins in the doped poly(radical cation) TANG-COF was reported to reach 10% and the COF showed a paramagnetic behavior in the temperature range from 300-20 K. 166 We note that COFs have also been used as precursors for carbon nanostructures, using pyrolysis or ionothermal transformation to increase the conductivity in the resulting materials. 167,168 Energy storage with COFs Their high surface area and the ability to combine a large variety of building units, including those with redox-active groups, makes covalent organic frameworks interesting for applications in energy storage, such as batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors or electrocatalysts. 169 The first COF showing reversible redox processes was reported by Dichtel and co-workers.…”

Controllable Synthesis and Performance Modulation of 2D Covalent–Organic Frameworks

“…Another thiophene derivative benzotrithiophene (BTT) with C 3 -symmetric configuration and its corresponding crystalline COFs were first reported by Hao and co-workers. [106] The structure of BTT-COFs could be transformed through ionothermal treatment using ZnCl 2 . Owing to the reaction of the sulfur atoms in BTT and fused salt, the inorganic-organic complex frameworks exhibited highly conductive for electrochemical applications.…”

Rational synthesis of interpenetrated 3D covalent organic frameworks for asymmetric photocatalysis

“…COFs are a new class of highly tunable, porous crystalline organic polymers with 2D or 3D network topologies. 14,15 By judicious choices of constituent building blocks, COFs have provided a powerful platform for engineering functional materials and hold promise for many applications such as molecule storage and separation, 16 catalysis, 17 energy storage, 18 and optoelectronics. 19 From a structural perspective, this area is dominated by 2D COFs, 20,21 which generally have eclipsed stacking structures with unidirectional channels.…”