�ber den Stoffwechsel der Lepidopteren

Zebe, E.

doi:10.1007/bf00298218

Cited by 124 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, both shapes of the RMR-age relationship have been documented in other insects. An initially high RMR that subsequently decreases has been reported in D. melanogaster (Khazaeli et al 2005) and several butterflies (Zebe 1954;Woods et al 2010;Niitepõld and Hanski 2013). The convex-shaped relationship occurs, for example, in the Colorado potato beetle (Piiroinen et al 2010).…”

Section: Aging and Metabolic Ratementioning

confidence: 83%

“…The magnitude and duration of this effect probably depend on the amount and composition of the diet and the individual's feeding frequency. Woods et al (2010) reported that the CO 2 emission rate returned to prefeeding levels in 2 h, whereas several butterfly species studied by Zebe (1954) showed elevated metabolic rates until 16-24 h after feeding. However, the butterflies measured by Zebe consumed large volumes of sugar water, often corresponding to 75% of their body mass.…”

Section: Dr Did Not Affect Life Span But Decreased Body Mass Rmr Anmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Aging, Life Span, and Energetics under Adult Dietary Restriction in Lepidoptera

Niitepõld

Pérez

Boggs³

2014

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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Stressful conditions can affect resource allocation among different life-history traits. The effect of dietary restriction (DR) on longevity and reproduction has been studied in many species, but we know little about its effects on energetics, especially in flying animals that have high energy demand. We assessed the effects of DR on metabolic rate throughout the entire adult life span in two butterfly species, Colias eurytheme and Speyeria mormonia. We cut the food intake of adult females in half and measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) and flight metabolic rate (FMR) together with body mass repeatedly throughout life. In both species, DR reduced body mass, but mass-corrected FMR was not affected, indicating that flight capacity was retained. DR lowered RMR and reduced fecundity but had no effect on life span. FMR declined with age, but the rate of senescence was not affected by DR. In contrast, aging had a strong negative effect on RMR only in control females, whereas food-restricted females had more stable RMR throughout their lives. The results suggest that flight capacity is conserved during nutritional stress but that investment in flight and survival may negatively affect other important physiological processes when resources are limited.

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Section: Aging and Metabolic Ratementioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Dr Did Not Affect Life Span But Decreased Body Mass Rmr Anmentioning

confidence: 95%

Aging, Life Span, and Energetics under Adult Dietary Restriction in Lepidoptera

Niitepõld

Pérez

Boggs³

2014

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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“…Butterflies are thought to use different energy resources to fuel flight. For example, long-distance migrants, such as the Monarch (Danaus plexippus) and the red admiral (Vanessa atalanta), have been proposed to use fat rather than carbohydrates to fuel flight during migration (Zebe, 1954;Cenedella, 1971;Brown and Chippendale, 1974). By contrast, the vast majority of butterflies fly only short distances at a time and they are likely to use carbohydrates to fuel flight (Becker et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen and energy availability interact to determine flight performance in the Glanville fritillary butterfly

Fountain

Melvin

Ikonen

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Flying insects have the highest known mass-specific demand for oxygen, which makes it likely that reduced availability of oxygen might limit sustained flight, either instead of or in addition to the limitation due to metabolite resources. The Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia) occurs as a large metapopulation in which adult butterflies frequently disperse between small local populations. Here, we examine how the interaction between oxygen availability and fuel use affects flight performance in the Glanville fritillary. Individuals were flown under either normoxic (21 kPa O 2 ) or hypoxic (10 kPa O 2 ) conditions and their flight metabolism was measured. To determine resource use, levels of circulating glucose, trehalose and whole-body triglyceride were recorded after flight. Flight performance was significantly reduced in hypoxic conditions. When flown under normoxic conditions, we observed a positive correlation among individuals between post-flight circulating trehalose levels and flight metabolic rate, suggesting that low levels of circulating trehalose constrains flight metabolism. To test this hypothesis experimentally, we measured the flight metabolic rate of individuals injected with a trehalase inhibitor. In support of the hypothesis, experimental butterflies showed significantly reduced flight metabolic rate, but not resting metabolic rate, in comparison to control individuals. By contrast, under hypoxia there was no relationship between trehalose and flight metabolic rate. Additionally, in this case, flight metabolic rate was reduced in spite of circulating trehalose levels that were high enough to support high flight metabolic rate under normoxic conditions. These results demonstrate a significant interaction between oxygen and energy availability for the control of flight performance.

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“…(56), Tables XI and XIIA; also (53,54,65,66,70)]. These values vary from 10 to 400 times those of the resting level (56) and are among the highest respiratory rates found in nature, being approached only by that found in birds (166).…”

Section: Conversions Of Stores To Energymentioning

confidence: 96%