Bereitschaftspotential and lateralized readiness potential in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: altered motor system activation and effects of methylphenidate

Jarczok, Tomasz A.; Haase, Robert; Bluschke, Annett; Thiemann, Ulf; Bender, Stephan

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.05.003

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Specifically, MPH blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and, particularly, dopamine at the synaptic cleft (Devilbiss et al, 2006 ; Hodgkins et al, 2012 ; Tang & Dafny, 2013 ) increasing their availability. A dopaminergic imbalance within networks mediated by the prefrontal cortex has indeed been proposed to underlie symptoms of attentional deficits and hyperactivity (Jarczok et al, 2019 ; Zhong et al, 2016 ). Consistently, the modulatory action of dopamine is alleged to mediate the interaction between frontoparietal and default mode attentional networks (Dang et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsal‐to‐ventral imbalance in the superior longitudinal fasciculus mediates methylphenidate’s effect on beta oscillations in ADHD

et al. 2022

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While pharmacological treatment with methylphenidate (MPH) is a first line intervention for ADHD, its mechanisms of action have yet to be elucidated. We here seek to identify the white matter tracts that mediate MPH's effect on beta oscillations. We implemented a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design, where boys diagnosed with ADHD underwent behavioral and MEG measurements during a spatial attention task while on and off MPH. The results were compared with an age/IQ-matched control group. Estimates of white matter tracts were obtained using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Via a stepwise model selection strategy, we identified the fiber tracts (regressors) significantly predicting values of the dependent variables of interest (i.e., oscillatory power, behavioral performance, and clinical symptoms): the anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), the superior longitudinal fasciculus ("parietal endings") (SLFp), and superior longitudinal fasciculus ("temporal endings") (SLFt). ADHD symptoms severity was associated with lower fractional anisotropy (FA) within the ATR. In addition, individuals with relatively higher FA in SLFp compared to SLFt, led to stronger behavioral effects of MPH in the form of faster and more accurate responses.Furthermore, the same parietotemporal FA gradient explained the effects of MPH on beta modulation: subjects with ADHD exhibiting higher FA in SLFp compared to SLFt also displayed greater effects of MPH on beta power during response preparation. Our data suggest that the behavioral deficits and aberrant oscillatory modulations observed in ADHD depend on a possibly detrimental structural connectivity imbalance within the SLF, caused by a diffusivity gradient in favor of parietal rather than temporal, fiber tracts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsal‐to‐ventral imbalance in the superior longitudinal fasciculus mediates methylphenidate’s effect on beta oscillations in ADHD

et al. 2022

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“…This region is important for higher-order functions, the so-called executive functions, particularly in controlling behaviour in the context of conflicting stimuli, such as the Stroop task (Egner & Hirsch, 2005;Mansouri, Tanaka, & Buckley, 2009) but also for controlling more basic motor functions. In the ADHD literature, lower GM in frontal lobes, including lateral and premotor regions, has been previously reported (Castellanos & Proal, 2012;Dirlikov et al, 2015;Jarczok, Haase, Bluschke, Thiemann, & Bender, 2019;Kumar, Arya, & Agarwal, 2017;Mostofsky, Cooper, Kates, Denckla, & Kaufmann, 2002;Seidman et al, 2006). Both executive dysfunction and impairments in motor response inhibition are relevant to symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity and core deficits in ADHD (Castellanos & Proal, 2012;Sergeant, Geurts, Huijbregts, Scheres, & Oosterlaan, 2003).…”

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confidence: 86%

Sex differences in neural correlates of common psychopathological symptoms in early adolescence

Biondo

Thunell

et al. 2021

Psychol. Med.

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Background Sex-related differences in psychopathology are known phenomena, with externalizing and internalizing symptoms typically more common in boys and girls, respectively. However, the neural correlates of these sex-by-psychopathology interactions are underinvestigated, particularly in adolescence. Methods Participants were 14 years of age and part of the IMAGEN study, a large (N = 1526) community-based sample. To test for sex-by-psychopathology interactions in structural grey matter volume (GMV), we used whole-brain, voxel-wise neuroimaging analyses based on robust non-parametric methods. Psychopathological symptom data were derived from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results We found a sex-by-hyperactivity/inattention interaction in four brain clusters: right temporoparietal-opercular region (p < 0.01, Cohen's d = −0.24), bilateral anterior and mid-cingulum (p < 0.05, Cohen's d = −0.18), right cerebellum and fusiform (p < 0.05, Cohen's d = −0.20) and left frontal superior and middle gyri (p < 0.05, Cohen's d = −0.26). Higher symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention were associated with lower GMV in all four brain clusters in boys, and with higher GMV in the temporoparietal-opercular and cerebellar-fusiform clusters in girls. Conclusions Using a large, sex-balanced and community-based sample, our study lends support to the idea that externalizing symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention may be associated with different neural structures in male and female adolescents. The brain regions we report have been associated with a myriad of important cognitive functions, in particular, attention, cognitive and motor control, and timing, that are potentially relevant to understand the behavioural manifestations of hyperactive and inattentive symptoms. This study highlights the importance of considering sex in our efforts to uncover mechanisms underlying psychopathology during adolescence.

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“…In general, all the electrophysiological reports underline the good abilities of children with TD for neuronal/behavioral compensation of their motor hyper-excitability. The question arises as to whether this still holds when TD is associated with ADHD, because for ADHD-only inhibitory abilities are reduced (e.g., decreased theta waves and delayed event-related potential (ERP) latencies during tasks involving inhibitory abilities [ 87 , 88 ], reduced readiness potential [ 89 ], reduced contingent negative variation [ 90 , 91 ]). Fortunately, recent evidence of sufficient compensatory abilities in children with TD + ADHD comes from a neurofeedback study by Gevensleben et al [ 65 ], where both tics and ADHD symptoms could be improved, and (concerning sufficient inhibitory control) from an electrophysiological EEG/ERP investigation by Morand-Beaulieu et al [ 88 ] including four groups of children aged 7–14 years (TS-only, n = 47; TS + ADHD, n = 32; ADHD-only, n = 22; matched typically developing controls, n = 35).…”

Section: Level “Abnormal Brain Conditions”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Occurrence of Tic Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—Does It Reflect a Common Neurobiological Background?

Rothenberger

Heinrich

2022

Biomedicines

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Background: The co-existence of tic disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (TD + ADHD) has proven to be highly important in daily clinical practice. The factor ADHD is not only associated with further comorbidities, but also has a long-term negative psychosocial effect, while the factor TD is usually less disturbing for the major part of the patients. It remains unclear how far this is related to a different neurobiological background of the associated disorders or whether TD + ADHD reflects a common one. Objective: This review provides an update on the neurobiological background of TD + ADHD in order to better understand and treat this clinical problem, while clarifying whether an additive model of TD + ADHD holds true and should be used as a basis for further clinical recommendations. Method: A comprehensive research of the literature was conducted and analyzed, including existing clinical guidelines for both TD and ADHD. Besides genetical and environmental risk factors, brain structure and functions, neurophysiological processes and neurotransmitter systems were reviewed. Results: Only a limited number of empirical studies on the neurobiological background of TD and ADHD have taken the peculiarity of co-existing TD + ADHD into consideration, and even less studies have used a 2 × 2 factorial design in order to disentangle the impact/effects of the factors of TD versus those of ADHD. Nevertheless, the assumption that TD + ADHD can best be seen as an additive model at all levels of investigation was strengthened, although some overlap of more general, disorder non-specific aspects seem to exist. Conclusion: Beyond stress-related transdiagnostic aspects, separate specific disturbances in certain neuronal circuits may lead to disorder-related symptoms inducing TD + ADHD in an additive way. Hence, within a classificatory categorical framework, the dimensional aspects of multilevel diagnostic-profiling seem to be a helpful precondition for personalized decisions on counselling and disorder-specific treatment in TD + ADHD.

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Bereitschaftspotential and lateralized readiness potential in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: altered motor system activation and effects of methylphenidate

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Dorsal‐to‐ventral imbalance in the superior longitudinal fasciculus mediates methylphenidate’s effect on beta oscillations in ADHD

Dorsal‐to‐ventral imbalance in the superior longitudinal fasciculus mediates methylphenidate’s effect on beta oscillations in ADHD

Sex differences in neural correlates of common psychopathological symptoms in early adolescence

Co-Occurrence of Tic Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—Does It Reflect a Common Neurobiological Background?

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