Bering Sea marine heatwaves: Patterns, trends and connections with the Arctic

Carvalho, K.S.; Smith, Twp; Wang, Shuo

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126462

Cited by 55 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…MHWs show that various scale changing patterns and climate modes are promising candidates to explain the causes of variation in MHWs. Indeed, the results show that the PDO, AO, and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have no significant correlation with the significant increasing trend in the MHWI y [14]. However, the average MHWT y values in the positive PDO phase years were higher than those in the negative PDO phase years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In recent years, MHWs have been observed around the world from open oceans to marginal seas and coastal regions, including the Pacific Ocean [7,8], Atlantic Ocean [9,10], Indian Ocean [11,12], Mediterranean Sea [2,3,13], Bering Sea [14], China Seas [15][16][17][18], Tasman Sea [19][20][21], the west coast of the United States [22], and the southwestern Atlantic shelf [23]. These events have had severe impacts on marine ecosystems and human society, such as increasing fish mortality and bleaching coral [4,[24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves in the Japan/East Sea

Wang

Fang

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are prolonged discrete events of anomalously warm seawater observed around the world. The occurrence of MHWs in the Japan/East Sea (JES), a middle latitude marginal sea with abundant aquatic resources, has severe impacts on marine ecosystems and human society. We used satellite remote sensing products spanning 1982–2020 to investigate the mean states and variations of JES MHWs. The results show that the JES MHWs occurred twice per year. More than 40% of the MHWs were shorter than the mean duration of 12.6 days and weaker than the mean intensity of 2.4 °C. Frequent MHWs were observed in August, while high mean intensities were observed in winter and spring in the western JES. In recent years, the area’s averaged yearly sum of MHW intensity in the JES has increased dramatically, with a positive trend of 29.62 °C days per decade—over twice the average global trend (12.37 °C days per decade), which is further confirmed by its first empirical orthogonal function mode. The strengthening trend in MHWs may be explained by oceanic dynamics rather than atmospheric forcing, and may result in increased surface latent heat flux from the ocean to the atmosphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves in the Japan/East Sea

Wang

Fang

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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“…Survey temperatures were used to classify years as warm or cold based on whether the summer average temperature of the middle shelf (50−100 m depth) was above or below the reference average from 2000−2018 (Table 1). Identification of extreme marine heatwave years was based on Carvalho et al (2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater exposure of nearshore habitats in the Bering Sea makes fish early life stages vulnerable to climate change

Ciannelli

Smith

Kearney

et al. 2022

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Marine fish species with complex life cycles undergo ontogenetic changes in their physiological and habitat requirements. Therefore, predicting how warming ocean conditions are likely to impact fish populations requires size-(age-) and habitat-specific analyses. We determined the habitat exposure and scope of adaptability of 4 shelf-oriented flatfish species in the Bering Sea to projected climate-driven warming. We quantified present day and end-of-century habitat exposure based on hindcasts and forecasts of regional ocean circulation models and quantified fish adaptability based on changes in depth distribution and from published thermal tolerances of northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra, yellowfin sole Limanda aspera, Alaska plaice Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus, and flathead sole Hippoglossoides elassodon. These 4 species complete their life cycle within the Bering Sea shelf but have different depth preferences and thermal tolerances throughout ontogeny. We found that species or size ranges that occupy the inner shelf, such as northern rock sole, yellowfin sole, and Alaska plaice, are exposed to higher seasonal variability compared to outer shelf species. While these inner shelf species are likely adapted to large seasonal changes in temperature, the future range of seasonal variability was projected to exceed their thermal tolerances. Therefore, we expect species that reside inshore during part of their life cycle and have high temperature sensitivity and limited mobility to be particularly vulnerable to climate change.

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“…Oliver et al, 2017;Cheung and Frölicher, 2020), to modifications of the ocean's properties (e.g. altering carbon cycle and water column stratification, reducing dissolved oxygen concentration or preventing sea ice formation; Brauko et al, 2020;Hu et al, 2020;Carvalho et al, 2021;Mignot et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Heatwaves Offshore Central and South Chile: Understanding Forcing Mechanisms During the Years 2016-2017

et al. 2022

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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are discrete warm-water anomalies events occurring in both open ocean and coastal areas. These phenomena have drawn researchers’ attention since the beginning of the 2010s, as their frequency and intensity are severely increasing due to global warming. Their impacts on the oceans are wide, affecting the ecosystems thus having repercussions on the economy by decreasing fisheries and aquaculture production. Chilean Patagonia (41° S-56° S) is characterised by fjord ecosystems already experiencing the global change effects in the form of large-scale and local modifications. This study aimed to realise a global assessment of the MHWs that have occurred along Central and South Chile between 1982 and 2020. We found that the frequency of MHWs was particularly high during the last decade offshore Northern Patagonia and that the duration of the events is increasing. During austral winter and spring 2016, combination of advected warm waters coming from the extratropical South Pacific Ocean and persisting high pressure inducing reduced winds have together diminished the heat transfer from the ocean to the atmosphere, creating optimal condition for a long-lasting MHW. That MHW hit Patagonia during 5 months, from May to October 2016, and was the longest MHW recorded over the 1982-2020 period. In addition, a global context of positive phases of El Niño Southern Oscillation and Southern Annular Mode contributed to the MHW formation.

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Bering Sea marine heatwaves: Patterns, trends and connections with the Arctic

Cited by 55 publications

References 41 publications

Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves in the Japan/East Sea

Characteristics of Marine Heatwaves in the Japan/East Sea

Greater exposure of nearshore habitats in the Bering Sea makes fish early life stages vulnerable to climate change

Marine Heatwaves Offshore Central and South Chile: Understanding Forcing Mechanisms During the Years 2016-2017

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