Beryllium and its Alloys as Neutron Multiplying Materials

Nakamichi, Masaru; Kim, Jaehwan; Nakamura, Makoto; Shibayama, Tamaki; Dorn, Christopher; Chakin, V.; Bachurin, D.V.; Stihl, Christopher; Vladimirov, P.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.11673-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…The salts commonly used are fluorides of lithium and beryllium as they tend to exhibit great neutron capture tendency. 118 The use of fluorides can be justified due to the existence of a single stable isotope (F 19 ) which is non-radioactive even with neutron bombardment. Chlorine, on the other hand, is disqualified due to its neutron absorbing nature and two stable and one unstable isotope.…”

Section: Application Of Molten Salts In Nuclear-thermal Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This impact is compounded by the increase in operating temperature to 700°C and the drop in vapor pressure. The salts commonly used are fluorides of lithium and beryllium as they tend to exhibit great neutron capture tendency 118 . The use of fluorides can be justified due to the existence of a single stable isotope (F 19 ) which is non‐radioactive even with neutron bombardment.…”

Section: Application Of Molten Salts In Nuclear‐thermal Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Bhatnagar

Siddiqui

Sreedhar

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Molten salts as thermal energy storage (TES) materials are gaining the attention of researchers worldwide due to their attributes like low vapor pressure, non‐toxic nature, low cost and flexibility, high thermal stability, wide range of applications etc. This review presents potential applications of molten salts in solar and nuclear TES and the factors influencing their performance. Ternary salts (Hitec salt, Hitec XL) are found to be best suited for concentrated solar plants due to their lower melting point and higher efficiency. Two‐tank direct energy storage system is found to be more economical due to the inexpensive salts (KCl‐MgCl2), while thermoclines are found to be more thermally efficient due to the power cycles involved and the high volumetric heat capacity of the salts involved (LiF‐NaF‐KF). Heat storage density has been given special focus in this review and methods to increase the same in terms of salt composition changes are discussed in the paper. Methods of concatenating energy storage systems with nuclear power plants are also discussed with different types of nuclear reactors like MHTGR, PAHTR, VHTR, etc. Nanomodifications of molten salts are done to improve heat transfer properties and efficiency of the transfer. The best dopants for such modifications were found to be TiO2, SiO2, MWCNTs, etc. Future challenges for large scale deployment of molten salts viz., high volume expansion ratio, low thermal conductivity, incongruent melting, corrosion, etc., are listed and discussed. Corrosion of molten salts and its mitigation has been discussed in detail for developing next‐generation storage systems and its remedies are also discussed.

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Section: Application Of Molten Salts In Nuclear-thermal Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Molten Salts In Nuclear‐thermal Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Bhatnagar

Siddiqui

Sreedhar

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Study of interaction of hydrogen isotopes with titanium beryllide (Be12Ti)

Kenzhin

Kenzhina

Kulsartov

et al. 2023

Fusion Engineering and Design

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Investigation of kinetics and mechanisms of metallic beryllium corrosion for the management of radioactive wastes

Bukaemskiy,

Caes,

Modolo

et al. 2024

MRS Advances

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Activated beryllium wastes are produced by the nuclear industry and have to be managed as radioactive waste during decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear facilities. One potential approach to the management of these wastes is their encapsulation and stabilization in cementitious matrices. The main issue with this conditioning is aqueous corrosion, leading to the hydrogen production and potential crack formation leading to a loss of confinement. To evaluate the suitability of different cement formulations, such as Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) or magnesium phosphate cement for encapsulation of metallic beryllium, the corrosion behaviour of beryllium metal was investigated in solutions with different pHs. In alkaline solutions representative of OPC pore fluids (i.e. NaOH solutions with pH between 12.5 and 14), corrosion rates increase drastically with increasing pH. Investigations of the surface of the corroded beryllium samples by scanning electron microscopy indicate that pitting corrosion is the main corrosion mechanism under these conditions. Graphical abstract

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Beryllium and its Alloys as Neutron Multiplying Materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 159 publications

Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Molten salts: Potential candidates for thermal energy storage applications

Study of interaction of hydrogen isotopes with titanium beryllide (Be12Ti)

Investigation of kinetics and mechanisms of metallic beryllium corrosion for the management of radioactive wastes

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