Beryllium isotopes as tracers of Lake Lisan (last Glacial Dead Sea) hydrology and the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion

Belmaker, Reuven; Stein, Mordechai; Beer, Jürg; Christl, Marcus; Fink, David; Lazar, Boáz

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.049

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The resumption of hydrological activity in the Dead Sea watershed that led to the recovery of lake level is expressed in the development of Iron Age settlements in the Judean Hills. This required not only freshwater supply but also soil development, which was perhaps made possible by the transport of desert dust from the Sahara Desert and leaching of the carbonates to the Dead Sea when more precipitation and vegetation were available (Haliva-Cohen et al 2012;Belmaker et al 2014;Stein 2014a). While the movement of the Sea Peoples over the Mediterranean possibly reflects environmental stress such as severe droughts in their source regions during the Late Bronze circum-Mediterranean crisis, the Iron Age settlement recovery was most likely supported by the resumption of freshwater activity, recovery of the vegetation, and formation of mountain soils.…”

Section: Late Chalcolithic Period and Early Bronze Age (~6000-2500 Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

et al. 2015

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The history of lake-level changes at the Dead Sea during the Holocene was determined mainly by radiocarbon dating of terrestrial organic debris. This article reviews the various studies that have been devoted over the past 2 decades to defining the Dead Sea levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages (~5.5 to 2.5 ka cal BP) and adds new data and interpretation. In particular, we focus on research efforts devoted to refining the chronology of the sedimentary sequence in the Ze'elim Gully, a key site of paleoclimate investigation in the European Research Council project titled Reconstructing Ancient Israel. The Bronze and Iron Ages are characterized by significant changes in human culture, reflected in archaeological records in which sharp settlement oscillations over relatively short periods of time are evident. During the Early Bronze, Intermediate Bronze, Middle Bronze, and Late Bronze Ages, the Dead Sea saw significant level fluctuations, reaching in the Middle Bronze an elevation of ~370 m below mean sea level (bmsl), and declining in the Late Bronze to below 414 m bmsl. At the end of the Late Bronze Age and upon the transition to the Iron Age, the lake recovered slightly and rose to ~408 m bmsl. This recovery reflected the resumption of freshwater activity in the Judean Hills, which was likely accompanied by more favorable hydrological-environmental conditions that seem to have facilitated the wave of Iron Age settlement in the region.

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Section: Late Chalcolithic Period and Early Bronze Age (~6000-2500 Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

et al. 2015

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“…The two gray shaded areas mark periods of lake level ≥ 400 m bmsl. stems probably from the high input of dust to the region at the end of the African wet period (Belmaker et al 2014(Belmaker et al , 2019Kagan et al 2015;Stein 2014). Enhanced dust input increased the DIC (as well as calcium) in the runoff due to preferential dissolution of the fine calcite grains that make up~30-40% of the dust transported to the regional drainage area (Belmaker et al 2007;Palchan et al 2018b).…”

Section: Radiocarbon Reservoir Age (Ra) and The Age Of Primary Aragonitementioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in the Holocene Dead Sea

et al. 2020

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The sources and fate of radiocarbon (14C) in the Dead Sea hypersaline solution are evaluated with 14C measurements in organic debris and primary aragonite collected from exposures of the Holocene Ze’elim Formation. The reservoir age (RA) is defined as the difference between the radiocarbon age of the aragonite at time of its precipitation (representing lakeʼs dissolved inorganic carbon [DIC]) and the age of contemporaneous organic debris (representing atmospheric radiocarbon). Evaluation of the data for the past 6000 yr from Dead Sea sediments reveal that the lakeʼs RA decreased from 2890 yr at 6 cal kyr BP to 2300 yr at present. The RA lies at ~2400 yr during the past 3000 yr, when the lake was characterized by continuous deposition of primary aragonite, which implies a continuous supply of freshwater-bicarbonate into the lake. This process reflects the overall stability of the hydrological-climate conditions in the lakeʼs watershed during the late Holocene where bicarbonate originated from dissolution of the surface cover in the watershed that was transported to the Dead Sea by the freshwater runoff. An excellent correlation (R2=0.98) exists between aragonite ages and contemporaneous organic debris, allowing the estimation of ages of various primary deposits where organic debris are not available.

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“…Lake sediments are also useful archives for the study of variations in the geomagnetic field (e.g., Belmaker et al, 2008Belmaker et al, , 2014Lund, 1996;Nilsson et al, 2011;Turner et al, 2015), as well as solar activity (Berggren et al, 2010;Czymzik et al, 2015Czymzik et al, , 2016, especially when the sediments are continuously and rapidly deposited (Du et al, 2018;Ojala & Saarinen, 2002). Suitable lakes should optimally be closed systems with a relatively small surface area, with reliable, independent age control and high temporal resolution; these criteria may be fulfilled by rapidly accumulating annually laminated lake sediments (Belmaker et al, 2008;Berggren et al, 2010;Ljung et al, 2007;Mann et al, 2012;Martin-Puertas et al, 2012).…”

Section: Citationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has been accomplished in ice cores (e.g., Berggren et al, 2009;Delaygue & Bard, 2011;Muscheler et al, 2005;Wagner et al, 2000;Yiou et al, 1997), marine sediments (e.g., Castagnoli et al, 1995;Christl et al, 2003;Simon et al, 2016Simon et al, , 2018Valet et al, 2014), and loess deposits (e.g., Xian et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2007Zhou et al, , 2010Zhou et al, , 2014. Lake sediments are also useful archives for the study of variations in the geomagnetic field (e.g., Belmaker et al, 2008Belmaker et al, , 2014Lund, 1996;Nilsson et al, 2011;Turner et al, 2015), as well as solar activity (Berggren et al, 2010;Czymzik et al, 2015Czymzik et al, , 2016, especially when the sediments are continuously and rapidly deposited (Du et al, 2018;Ojala & Saarinen, 2002). Suitable lakes should optimally be closed systems with a relatively small surface area, with reliable, independent age control and high temporal resolution; these criteria may be fulfilled by rapidly accumulating annually laminated lake sediments (Belmaker et al, 2008;Berggren et al, 2010;Ljung et al, 2007;Mann et al, 2012;Martin-Puertas et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidecadal‐ to Centennial‐Scale ¹⁰Be Variations in Holocene Sediments of Huguangyan Maar Lake, South China

Tang

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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We report a new high‐resolution Holocene 10Be record from Huguangyan Maar Lake in subtropical‐tropical South China, aimed to detect the atmospheric 10Be production signal in low‐latitude regions. After minimizing climatic effects by regression analyses between 10Be concentration and climatic proxies from the same archive, we successfully distinguished variations in geomagnetic field intensity and solar activity using 2,000‐year low‐ and high‐pass filtering, respectively, of the residual 10Be record (a proxy of the atmospheric 10Be production rate). The resulting 10Be‐derived record of geomagnetic field intensity is generally comparable with geomagnetic models, and the solar‐modulated 10Be signal shows significant correlations with solar activity proxies. The preservation of 10Be production signal in the sediments of this low‐latitude maar lake highlights the largely unexplored potential as well as limitations of 10Be as a tool to reconstruct variations in solar activity and geomagnetic field intensity.

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Beryllium isotopes as tracers of Lake Lisan (last Glacial Dead Sea) hydrology and the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in the Holocene Dead Sea

Multidecadal‐ to Centennial‐Scale ¹⁰Be Variations in Holocene Sediments of Huguangyan Maar Lake, South China

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Beryllium isotopes as tracers of Lake Lisan (last Glacial Dead Sea) hydrology and the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in the Holocene Dead Sea

Multidecadal‐ to Centennial‐Scale 10Be Variations in Holocene Sediments of Huguangyan Maar Lake, South China

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Multidecadal‐ to Centennial‐Scale ¹⁰Be Variations in Holocene Sediments of Huguangyan Maar Lake, South China