Beta oxidation of fatty acids

Schulz, Horst

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(91)90015-a

Cited by 350 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In spite of strong evidence for carrier-mediated uptake and possibly for active transport, it is still argued that fatty-acid uptake occurs by spontaneous and non-specific diffusion of fatty acids across the plasma membrane (Schulz, 1991 ).…”

Section: Dietary Sources Of Essential Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

Bézard

Blond²,

Bernard³

et al. 1994

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

191

109

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Summary ― Essential fatty acids (EFA), which are not synthesized in animal and human tissues, belong to the n-6 and n-3 families of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), derived from linoleic acid (LA,) and a-linolenic acid (LNA,. Optimal requirements are 3-6% of ingested energy for LA and 0.5-1% for LNA in adults. Requirements in LNA are higher in development. Dietary sources of LA and LNA are principally plants, while arachidonic acid (AA,) is found in products from terrestrian animals, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

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Section: Dietary Sources Of Essential Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inside the cell, fatty acids are channelled to different metabolic pathways, possibly by fatty-acid binding proteins (FABP) (Schulz, 1991 ). In most cells, particularly in hepatocytes, the 2 major routes are esterification in endoplasmic reticulum and oxidation in mitochondria and peroxisomes.…”

Section: Dietary Sources Of Essential Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

Bézard

Blond²,

Bernard³

et al. 1994

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

191

109

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“…This activation is a critical step in fatty acid metabolism in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In fact, fatty acyl-CoAs represent important bioactive compounds, which are involved in many cellular processes in addition to serving as substrates for lipid biosynthesis and ␤-oxidation (Schulz, 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of an Arabidopsis Acyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase Localized on Glyoxysomal Membranes

et al. 2002

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In higher plants, fat-storing seeds utilize storage lipids as a source of energy during germination. To enter the β-oxidation pathway, fatty acids need to be activated to acyl-coenzyme As (CoAs) by the enzyme acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS; EC 6.2.1.3). Here, we report the characterization of an Arabidopsis cDNA clone encoding for a glyoxysomal acyl-CoA synthetase designatedAtLACS6. The cDNA sequence is 2,106 bp long and it encodes a polypeptide of 701 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 76,617 D. Analysis of the amino-terminal sequence indicates that acyl-CoA synthetase is synthesized as a larger precursor containing a cleavable amino-terminal presequence so that the mature polypeptide size is 663 amino acids. The presequence shows high similarity to the typical PTS2 (peroxisomal targeting signal 2). TheAtLACS6 also shows high amino acid identity to prokaryotic and eukaryotic fatty acyl-CoA synthetases. Immunocytochemical and cell fractionation analyses indicated that theAtLACS6 is localized on glyoxysomal membranes.AtLACS6 was overexpressed in insect cells and purified to near homogeneity. The purified enzyme is particularly active on long-chain fatty acids (C16:0). Results from immunoblot analysis revealed that the expression of both AtLACS6 and β-oxidation enzymes coincide with fatty acid degradation. These data suggested that AtLACS6 might play a regulatory role both in fatty acid import into glyoxysomes by making a complex with other factors, e.g. PMP70, and in fatty acid β-oxidation activating the fatty acids.

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“…Generally, the weaker antioxidant activity of APP than both Vc ( Figure 6) and apple peel polyphenols (reported by Wolfe, Wu, and Liu, 2003) indicated that APP might provide hydrogen protons more hardly than both the compounds when contacting with free radicals (Schulz, 1991).…”

Section: In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Of Appmentioning

confidence: 92%

Characterization, antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from pre-pressing separationFujiapple peel

Sun

Meng

Sun

et al. 2017

CyTA - Journal of Food

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Characterization, antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from prepressing separation apple (Fuji) peel pomace were investigated in this study. Gel permeation chromatography indicated that apple peel polysaccharides (APPs) were a kind of heteropolysaccharides composed of three fractions with homogenous polarity. Both GC-MS and HPLC analysis showed that arabinose, galactose and galacturonic acid were the main monosaccharides in APP. In vitro antioxidant activities of APP were characterized. Furthermore, administration of APP (450 mg/ kg bw) in mice significantly decreased the CCl 4 -induced elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase, asparate aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase activities, and hepatic malondialdehyde level and inhibited the decreases in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities caused by CCl 4 . Histopathological observation further confirmed that APP could protect the liver tissues from CCl 4 -induced histological alternation. These findings indicate that APP has the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials and provide a scientific basis for comprehensive utilization of pre-pressing separation apple peel pomace.Caracterización, actividad antioxidante y efectos hepatoprotectores de polisacáridos de la separación de la pela de manzana Fuji previamente prensada RESUMEN En este estudio se investigaron la caracterización, la actividad antioxidante y los efectos hepatoprotectores de los polisacáridos de la separación del orujo de pela de manzana (Fuji) previamente prensado. La cromatografía de permeación en gel indicó que los polisacáridos de la pela de manzana (APP) eran un tipo de heteropolisacáridos compuestos de tres fracciones con polaridad homogénea. Los dos análisis GC-MS y HPLC mostraron que la arabinosa, la galactosa y el ácido galacturónico fueron los principales monosacáridos en APP. Se caracterizó la actividad antioxidante in vitro de APP. Además, la administración de APP (450 mg/kg bw) en ratones disminuyó significativamente las elevaciones inducidas con CCl 4 de la alanina aminotransferasa sérica, el aspartato aminotransferasa, la actividad lactato deshidrogenasa y el nivel hepático de malondialdehído, además inhibió la disminución de la actividad de superóxido dismutasa y glutatión peroxidasa causada por CCl 4 . Posteriormente la observación histopatológica confirmó que APP podría proteger los tejidos del hígado de la alternación histológica inducida con Cl 4 . Estos hallazgos indican que APP tiene potencial antioxidante y hepatoprotector, además proporciona una base científica para una utilización integral de la separación de orujo de pela de manzana previamente prensado. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Beta oxidation of fatty acids

Cited by 350 publications

References 98 publications

The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

The metabolism and availability of essential fatty acids in animal and human tissues

Molecular Characterization of an Arabidopsis Acyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase Localized on Glyoxysomal Membranes

Characterization, antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from pre-pressing separationFujiapple peel

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