Beta Reactivity, Prospective Facilitation of Executive Processing, and Its Dependence on Dopaminergic Therapy in Parkinson's Disease

Oswal, Ashwini; Litvak, Vladimir; Sauleau, Paul; Brown, Peter

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0275-12.2012

Cited by 61 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Our results are consistent with recent evidence from humans and monkeys suggesting that beta oscillations play a major role in top-down organization of neural processing (Engel and Fries, 2010; Oswal et al, 2012). There is enhancement of beta oscillations in human sensorimotor cortices when maintaining posture (Gilbertson et al, 2005; Androulidakis et al, 2007) and when competing movements need to be inhibited (Pfurtscheller, 1981; Swann et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Synchronous Oscillatory Neural Ensembles for Rules in the Prefrontal Cortex

Buschman

Denovellis

Diogo

et al. 2012

Neuron

427

369

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SUMMARY Intelligent behavior requires acquiring and following rules. Rules define how our behavior should fit different situations. To understand its neural mechanisms, we simultaneously recorded from multiple electrodes in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) while monkeys switched between two rules (respond to color versus orientation). We found evidence that oscillatory synchronization of local field potentials (LFPs) formed neural ensembles representing the rules: there were rule-specific increases in synchrony at “beta” (19–40 Hz) frequencies between electrodes. In addition, individual PFC neurons synchronized to the LFP ensemble corresponding to the current rule (color versus orientation). Furthermore, the ensemble encoding the behaviorally dominant orientation rule showed increased “alpha” (6–16 Hz) synchrony when preparing to apply the alternative (weaker) color rule. This suggests that beta-frequency synchrony selects the relevant rule ensemble, while alpha-frequency synchrony deselects a stronger, but currently irrelevant, ensemble. Synchrony may act to dynamically shape task-relevant neural ensembles out of larger, overlapping circuits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Synchronous Oscillatory Neural Ensembles for Rules in the Prefrontal Cortex

Buschman

Denovellis

Diogo

et al. 2012

Neuron

427

369

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“…First, our data were collected from the Parkinsonian STN in an intraoperative environment from patients in whom Parkinsonian medication was withheld. In the off-dopamine state, the Parkinsonian STN demonstrates altered beta-band activity (Levy et al 2000, 2002; Hammond et al 2007; Oswal et al 2012) that may affect spike-phase locking within that frequency band. However, our data primarily contrast beta-band spike-phase locking during low and high conflict trials, suggesting that these differences may exist regardless of whether beta-band activity is disrupted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Subthalamic Nucleus Theta and Beta Oscillations Entrain Neuronal Firing During Sensorimotor Conflict

Zavala

Damera²,

Dong³

et al. 2015

Cereb. Cortex

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Recent evidence has suggested that prefrontal cortical structures may inhibit impulsive actions during conflict through activation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Consistent with this hypothesis, deep brain stimulation to the STN has been associated with altered prefrontal cortical activity and impaired response inhibition. The interactions between oscillatory activity in the STN and its presumably antikinetic neuronal spiking, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we simultaneously recorded intraoperative local field potential and spiking activity from the human STN as participants performed a sensorimotor action selection task involving conflict. We identified several STN neuronal response types that exhibited different temporal dynamics during the task. Some neurons showed early, cue-related firing rate increases that remained elevated longer during high conflict trials, whereas other neurons showed late, movement-related firing rate increases. Notably, the high conflict trials were associated with an entrainment of individual neurons by theta- and beta-band oscillations, both of which have been observed in cortical structures involved in response inhibition. Our data suggest that frequency-specific activity in the beta and theta bands influence STN firing to inhibit impulsivity during conflict.

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“…For example, performance on executive function tests responds to cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer disease, 38 whereas patients with Parkinson disease perform better on dopamine replacement therapy. 39 An evaluation by occupational therapy can help clarify the real-world functional implications in order to ensure patient safety and maximize function. 40 Cognitive rehabilitation strategies include environmental manipulation (eg, minimizing distractors and simplifying tasks), compensatory techniques (eg, increased use of daily planners or smartphones), and direct interventions (eg, repetitive training to improve a skill).…”

Section: Case 4-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Dysfunction

Rabinovici¹,

Stephens²,

Possin³

2015

CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology

117

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Purpose of Review: Executive functions represent a constellation of cognitive abilities that drive goal-oriented behavior and are critical to the ability to adapt to an ever-changing world. This article provides a clinically oriented approach to classifying, localizing, diagnosing, and treating disorders of executive function, which are pervasive in clinical practice. Recent Findings: Executive functions can be split into four distinct components: working memory, inhibition, set shifting, and fluency. These components may be differentially affected in individual patients and act together to guide higher-order cognitive constructs such as planning and organization. Specific bedside and neuropsychological tests can be applied to evaluate components of executive function. While dysexecutive syndromes were first described in patients with frontal lesions, intact executive functioning relies on distributed neural networks that include not only the prefrontal cortex, but also the parietal cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum. Executive dysfunction arises from injury to any of these regions, their white matter connections, or neurotransmitter systems. Dysexecutive symptoms therefore occur in most neurodegenerative diseases and in many other neurologic, psychiatric, and systemic illnesses. Management approaches are patient specific and should focus on treatment of the underlying cause in parallel with maximizing patient function and safety via occupational therapy and rehabilitation. Summary: Executive dysfunction is extremely common in patients with neurologic disorders. Diagnosis and treatment hinge on familiarity with the clinical components and neuroanatomic correlates of these complex, high-order cognitive processes.

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Beta Reactivity, Prospective Facilitation of Executive Processing, and Its Dependence on Dopaminergic Therapy in Parkinson's Disease

Cited by 61 publications

References 50 publications

Synchronous Oscillatory Neural Ensembles for Rules in the Prefrontal Cortex

Synchronous Oscillatory Neural Ensembles for Rules in the Prefrontal Cortex

Human Subthalamic Nucleus Theta and Beta Oscillations Entrain Neuronal Firing During Sensorimotor Conflict

Executive Dysfunction

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