Betel leaf extract and its major component hydroxychavicol promote osteogenesis and alleviate glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats

Abstract

Piper betle leaves possess several ethnomedicinal properties and are immensely used in traditional medicinal practices in regions of Asian and African subcontinents.

Hydroxychavicol Inhibits In Vitro Osteoclastogenesis via the Suppression of NF-κB Signaling Pathway

“…Our study demonstrated that hydroxychavicol at a concentration of 10 μM effectively inhibited osteoclast formation and function compared with 200 μM of eugenol, suggesting the superior potency of hydroxychavicol on osteoclasts. Hydroxychavicol has previously been reported to attenuate glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in animals due to enhanced bone formation ( Mishra et al ., 2021 ). In addition to bone formation, hydroxychavicol’s effect on bone may be associated with the inhibition of osteoclast function.…”

“…Hydroxychavicol is a primary phenolic compound in the leaves of Piper betle (Betel) with various pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and anti-platelet effects ( Chang et al ., 2007 ; Sharma et al ., 2009 ; Ali et al ., 2010 ; Gundala et al ., 2014 ). In addition, hydroxychavicol promoted bone formation in vitro and inhibited bone loss induced by glucocorticoids in animals ( Mishra et al ., 2021 ). Hydroxychavicol has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting cytokines production induced NF-κB signaling pathway ( Seo et al ., 2022 ).…”

In vivo and in vitro action mechanism of treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by regulation of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB pathways by denshensu

“…With the development of diseases, a series of changes occur in osseous tissues of GIOP patients' bodies, including significant osteopenia, increased osteopsathyrosis, and high risks of fracture and even disability, especially the fracture of weight-bearing bones in bodies, such as femurs and lumbar vertebrae. The fracture of weight-bearing bones causes huge damage to the living quality, longevity, and families of patients themselves as well as society (37). Therefore, osteoporosis becomes a significant public health issue in China, and it is imperative to prevent and treat this disease.…”