Betrachtung möglicher Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Schadpilze im Obstbau am Beispiel von Fruchtfäuleerregern an Äpfeln

Weber, Roland W.S.

doi:10.1007/s10341-009-0088-1

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Climate change, measured as a rise in average annual air temperatures of 1.5 K since 1976, may favour the development of pathogens better known from warmer regions, such as Glomerella acutata Guerber & J.C. Correll and Neofabraea alba (E.J. Guthrie) Verkley (Weber 2009). Similarly, a changing climate poses enhanced risks of the establishment of new pathogens, one likely example being the spread of Diplodia seriata De Not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis, Cause of a New Storage Rot of Apples in Northern Europe

Weber¹

2011

Journal of Phytopathology

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Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis was identified by morphology and ITS sequence analysis as the cause of rubbery rot, a new storage disease of apples in northern Germany. Infected fruits had an unusually firm texture and pale appearance after storage in ultra-low oxygen conditions, but turned dark brown to black in ambient atmosphere. Ultimately, the surface of rotted fruits became covered by black pycnidia producing cream-coloured conidial exudates. Rubbery rot affected several apple varieties, including the commercially important ÔJonagoldÕ and ÔElstarÕ. Losses during storage were commonly below 1% but reached 5-10% in a few cases. Fruits of ÔGolden HornetÕ crab apple trees planted as pollinators in commercial orchards became heavily infected by P. washingtonensis in October. Conidia were released throughout the following season from infected fruit mummies, which remained attached to the crab apple tree.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Botryosphaeria obtusa (Schwein.) Shoemaker], cause of a preharvest rot of apples in northern Germany since 2007 (Weber 2009; Weber and Quast 2009). International trading activities are another important factor facilitating the spread of new diseases (Anderson et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis, Cause of a New Storage Rot of Apples in Northern Europe

Weber¹

2011

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Das geschah unter Nutzung der Online-Datenbanken KLIMAPS-JKI (http://klimaps.jki.bund.de) und ALPS-JKI (http://alps. jki.bund.de), vorhandener Literatur (Apfel : Weber 2009;Müller 2013;Spargel: Brückner et al 2008;Nothnagel et al 2011Nothnagel et al , 2013Krämer et al 2009;Wein: Kast 2005;Mohr 2012;Hildebrand et al 1998 Begriffe: "flooding", "wet snow", "storm", "hail", "black frost", "early frost", "late frost", "dryness", "heavy rain", "heavy precipitation", "drought", "temperature extreme" und "extreme weather" einschließlich ihrer Abwandlungen in die Recherche ein. In der Tab.…”

Section: Materials Und Methodenunclassified

Extremwetterlagen und Schaderreger – extreme Wissenslücken

Seidel

2014

Gesunde Pflanzen

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Here we reviewed the possible impacts of weather extremes on pests (weeds, insect pests and plant pathogens) of wine, hope, apple and asparagus by analyzing scientific literature published since 1945, concerning the knowledge about the influences of extreme weather on incidence of these pests. A weather extreme event is generally defined as the occurrence of a value of a weather variable above or below a threshold value near the upper or lower tails of the range of observed values of the variable (IPCC). Although there are still many open scientific questions, climate change will likely lead to increase the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration and timing of weather and climate extremes and can result in unprecedented extremes. After considering all the results of derivative analysis, we concluded that the knowledge gap is enormously. Only 13 papers were found. These few papers concerning the influence of storm, hail, flooding, dryness or heavy down pours on the pests of apple (10 papers), asparagus (2 papers) or wine (1 paper). Thus projections of future impacts of extreme weather on plant pests and yields cannot be made with a high level of confidence. More research to get more primary results and data is needed urgently.Zusammenfassung Mittels einer Analyse der seit 1945 erschienenen Fachliteratur untersuchten wir mögliche Auswirkungen von Extremwetterereignissen auf das Auftreten von Schaderregern (Unkräuter, Schadinsekten und Pflanzenkrankheiten) bei Wein, Hopfen, Apfel und Spargel. Die allgemeine Definition eines Extremwetterereignisses ist, dass Werte auftreten, die ober-oder unterhalb der jeweiligen Schadschwellen am oberen bzw. unteren Ende des Messbereiches der beobachteten Werte dieser Variablen liegen (IPCC). Trotz zahlreicher offener wissenschaftlicher Fragen ist davon auszugehen, dass der Klimawandel mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit zu einem Anstieg bzw. einer Veränderung der Häufigkeit, Intensität, räumlichen Verteilung, Dauer und des Timings von Extremwetterereignissen sowie zum Auftreten neuartiger Extrema führen wird. Nach Auswertung aller Ergebnisse unserer Sekundärana-lysen ist der Schluss zu ziehen, dass es enorme Wissenslücken gibt. Es konnten nur 13 relevante Arbeiten gefunden werden. Diese wenigen Arbeiten beschäftigen sich mit dem Einfluss von Sturm, Hagel, Überflutung, Trockenheit und Starkregen auf Apfel (10 Publikationen), Spargel (2 Publikationen) oder Wein (1 Publikation). Somit ist es nicht möglich, gut abgesicherte Vorhersagen zu den zukünftigen Auswirkungen von Extremwetterereignissen auf Schaderreger und Erträge abzuleiten. Die Forschung muss unbedingt intensiviert werden, um mehr Primärdaten und belastbare Ergebnisse zur Verfügung zu haben.

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“…C. acutatum has been reported as the most prevalent storage pathogen in Norway (Weber, 2009b;Borve et al, 2010). In the rest of NW Europe, the relative importance of this fungus in stored apples is low, although losses may be on the increase (Weber, 2009a). Fruit mummies and twig cankers cause infections on the maturing apples (Stensvand and Ren, 2010).…”

Section: Bitter Rot (Anthracnose) Caused By Colletotrichum Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Storage Rots of Apple: Occurrence and Distribution

Kumari¹,

Forestry²

2018

IJEP

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Apple is one of most important fruit species worldwide. The wastage of apple during storage is often very serious. It may be brought about by various forms of physiological breakdown which are not of parasitic origin, but much is caused by fungal invasion resulting into decay, deterioration and rots. A number of fungal pathogens invading apple fruits during picking, grading, packing, transit, storage and marketing have been reported from many countries.

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Betrachtung möglicher Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Schadpilze im Obstbau am Beispiel von Fruchtfäuleerregern an Äpfeln

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis, Cause of a New Storage Rot of Apples in Northern Europe

Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis, Cause of a New Storage Rot of Apples in Northern Europe

Extremwetterlagen und Schaderreger – extreme Wissenslücken

Major Storage Rots of Apple: Occurrence and Distribution

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