Better to Give and to Compete? Prosocial and Competitive Motives as Interactive Predictors of Citizenship Behavior

Cardador, M. Teresa; Wrzesniewski, Amy

doi:10.1080/00224545.2014.999019

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(93 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This contrast in donation rates may be because experiencing high inequality conjures a competitive environment, which inherently inhibits cooperation. In this light, children and adults are known to be less prosocial in the face of competition (Cardador & Wrzesniewski, 2014; Pappert et al , 2017). It is also possible that children were less altruistic in the high inequality condition as a reaction to being personally, relatively disadvantaged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of economic inequality on young children's prosocial decision‐making

Kirkland

Jetten

Nielsen

2020

British J of Dev Psycho

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An emerging body of literature has documented the negative implications high economic inequality can have on children's social and cognitive development. However, little experimental research has directly addressed how wealth discrepancies impact the way children treat others. The current study thus aimed to address the implications of economic inequality on prosocial decision-making in children prior to commencing formal schooling. Using a novel experimental paradigm, we immersed 4-year-old children (N = 58) in a series of games where they played against puppets for rewards. During this process, children were exposed to resource allocations featuring either high inequality or low inequality. We subsequently measured children's donation behaviour, resource division behaviour, and fairness perceptions. As predicted, children were less altruistic when exposed to high inequality compared to low inequality. Contrary to predictions, there was no difference in resource division behaviour or fairness perceptions. This study documents for the first time that exposure to environmental inequality, even if brief and in a controlled experimental setting, can influence young children's prosocial decisionmaking. Statement of contribution What is already known on the subject? Adults tend to be less prosocial towards others after experiencing high economic inequality. Young children understand when outcomes are unequal. Young children also have a rudimentary understanding of what is fair. What does this study adds? A novel experimental design was utilized to immerse children in a safe experimental economy. Pre-schoolers are less altruistic after experiencing high inequality compared to low inequality. Children did not attempt to adjust prior inequalities in their resource division behaviour.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of economic inequality on young children's prosocial decision‐making

Kirkland

Jetten

Nielsen

2020

British J of Dev Psycho

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerous studies show that prosocial behavior and organizational (collective) behavior (identity) are interdependent [38 -40]. The prosocial behavior of team members ensures a favorable psychological environment within the organization, increases organizational loyalty [18], civil behavior (organizational citizenship behavior) [41,42], corporate social responsibility [43], and contributes to production efficiency increase [44]. However, social isolation reduces the prosocial behavior [45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Russians’ Views on Personal Qualities as a Basis for Prosocial Safe Behavior Factors’ Identification

Kislyakov¹,

Shmeleva²

2020

TOPSYJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Currently, the research on social psychology, security psychology, professional psychology and environmental psychology indicates that prosocial behavior is a predictor or factor for ensuring security (for individuals, groups, societies, and the environment). This indicates the need to justify the category of safe prosocial behavior of individuals. Aim: This research focused on the identification of any psychological factor of safe prosocial behavior of an individual based on Russians’ views on personal qualities in advancing national interests and socio-cultural transformations. Methods: The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the theory of social norms of pro-social behavior. To examine the Russians’ ideas of the safe prosocial behavior, we conducted empirical research, which involved 583 people. In the first stage, we formed a list of possible qualities and motives (descriptors) of the safe prosocial human behavior with the use of focus groups. In the second stage, we used a special questionnaire in order to construct a subjective semantic space of the personal safe prosocial behavior based on the semantic differential method. Results: Results of the factor analysis to identify factors affecting safe prosocial behavior in modern society allowed determining seven factors. Conclusion: The obtained data provide an understanding that the safe prosocial human behavior appears to be mainly motivated by institutional and moral norms and is characterized by resources that ensure the psychological stability and well-being of an individual. Norms of collective behavior, religious norms and norms of following national traditions seemed to be dominant in affecting the behavior of individuals.

show abstract

“…First, employees can provide help to coworkers due to their motivation to obtain personal benefits, such as impression management (Eissa and Lester, 2018), self-interests (Michel, 2017), job security (Huang et al, 2013) and managerial performance ratings (Klotz et al, 2018). Second, helping behavior can be triggered by employees' prosocial motivation such as prosocial motives (Cardador and Wrzesniewski, 2015), a sense of empathy (Carrera et al, 2013), kindness (Lefevor and Fowers, 2016) and altruistic concern (Lemmon and Wayne, 2015). While there is a wide range of possible antecedents of helping behavior at the individual, interpersonal and organizational level (Chou and Stauffer, 2016;Michel, 2017), it is not the intent of this article to provide a comprehensive list of theoretical underpinnings and antecedents of helping behavior.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helping coworkers only when I have more? Integrating social comparison, attribution and conservation of resources theories

Chou

Barron

Ramser

2021

MRR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Drawing upon conservation of resources (COR) and attribution theories, prior research in helping behavior has mainly focused on an independent view of the helper’s personal resources. This perspective, however, falls short of capturing the comparative nature of personal resources and attributions in a helping context. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to develop a theoretical model that helps predict employees’ decisions to help or not to help. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical model was developed by integrating social comparison, COR and attribution theories. Findings The theoretical model proposes the following. First, when employees perceive that they have fewer personal resources than a coworker who needs help, they are less likely to help. Second, when employees perceive that they have more personal resources than a coworker who needs help, they make causal attributions as to why the coworker failed to deploy personal resources. Finally, when employees have more personal resources than a coworker who needs help, they are more likely to help if they make situational, unstable and uncontrollable attributions to the coworker’s failure to deploy personal resources. Originality/value This paper extends the literature by offering a theoretical model that emphasizes comparisons and attributions of personal resources in a helping context. Additionally, this paper offers several managerial implications that help managers manage helping behavior effectively.

show abstract

Better to Give and to Compete? Prosocial and Competitive Motives as Interactive Predictors of Citizenship Behavior

Cited by 18 publications

References 74 publications

The effect of economic inequality on young children's prosocial decision‐making

The effect of economic inequality on young children's prosocial decision‐making

Analysis of Russians’ Views on Personal Qualities as a Basis for Prosocial Safe Behavior Factors’ Identification

Helping coworkers only when I have more? Integrating social comparison, attribution and conservation of resources theories

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About