Between a Pod and a Hard Test: The Deep Evolution of Amoebae

Kang, Seungho; Tice, Alexander K.; Spiegel, Frederick W.; Silberman, Jeffrey D.; Pánek, Tomáš; Čepička, Ivan; Kostka, Martin; Kosakyan, Anush; Alcântara, Daniel Máximo Corrêa; Roger, Andrew J.; Shadwick, Lora L.; Smirnov, Alexey V.; Kudryavtsev, Alexander; Lahr, Daniel J. G.; Brown, Matthew W.

doi:10.1093/molbev/msx162

Cited by 178 publications

(306 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This is also in agreement with previous studies that found a large undetected diversity within this lineage, and highlights the importance of unraveling it to understand its evolution (Romeralo et al, 2011;Fiz-Palacios et al, 2013;Tekle et al, 2016;Kang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Eukaryotic Diversity In Paraná River Is Similar To Other Fresupporting

confidence: 92%

Novel Diversity of Deeply Branching Holomycota and Unicellular Holozoans Revealed by Metabarcoding in Middle Paraná River, Argentina

et al. 2018

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Opisthokonta represents a major lineage of eukaryotes and includes fungi and metazoans, as well as other less known unicellular groups. The latter are paraphyletic assemblages that branch in between the former two groups, and thus are important for understanding the origin and early diversification of opisthokonts. The full range of their diversity, however, has not yet been explored from diverse ecological habitats. Freshwater environments are crucial sources for new diversity; they are considered even more heterogeneous than marine ecosystems. This heterogeneity implies more ecological niches where local eukaryotic communities are located. However, knowledge of the unicellular opisthokont diversity is scarce from freshwater environments. Here, we performed an 18S rDNA metabarcoding study in the Middle Paraná River, Argentina, to characterize the molecular diversity of microbial eukaryotes, in particular unicellular members of Opisthokonta. We identified a potential novel clade branching as a sister-group to Fungi. We also detected in our data that more than 60% operational taxonomic units classified as unicellular holozoans (animals and relatives) represent new taxa at the species level. Of the remaining, the majority was assigned to the newly described holozoan species, Syssomonas multiformis. Together, our results show that a large hidden diversity of unicellular members of opisthokonts still remain to be uncovered. We also found that the geographical and ecological distribution of several taxa considered exclusive to marine environments is wider than previously thought.

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Section: Eukaryotic Diversity In Paraná River Is Similar To Other Fresupporting

confidence: 92%

Novel Diversity of Deeply Branching Holomycota and Unicellular Holozoans Revealed by Metabarcoding in Middle Paraná River, Argentina

et al. 2018

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“…), and phylogenomic analyses have robustly shown that they are not closely related clades (see Kang et al. summarized in Fig. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Kang et al. ). The last common ancestor of Amoebozoa originated around 1.2 billion years ago (Eme et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Description of Armaparvus languidus n. gen. n. sp. Confirms Ultrastructural Unity of Cutosea (Amoebozoa, Evosea)

Schuler

Brown

2018

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) PRA-29 isolate has a publicly available transcriptome, which has led to its inclusion in recent phylogenomic analyses. The ATCC PRA-29 isolate was originally identified and deposited as "Pessonella sp." This taxon branches robustly within the recently discovered clade Cutosea, very distantly related to the clade in which the genus Pessonella is believed to branch based on morphological data. Using detailed light and electron microscopy, we studied the morphology and ultrastructure of ATCC PRA-29 as well as other cutosean amoebae to better elucidate the morphological affinity of ATCC PRA-29 to other amoebozoans. Here, we show that ATCC PRA-29 was misidentified by the original depositor as Pessonella and name it Armaparvus languidus n. gen. n. sp. We show that a cell coat of microscales separated from the cell membrane is a unique trait found in all known cutosean amoebae. As Cutosea represents a clade at the deepest bifurcation in the amoebozoan group Evosea and because this clade is currently taxon-poor, but likely represents a major understudied group it will be important to isolate and describe more cutosean amoebae in the future.

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“…As in all other trees, members of the genera Amoeba and Chaos are intermingled in the tree, and their grouping has moderate support. Arrangement of the other clades in the tree corresponds to the generally recognized topology (Smirnov et al, 2005(Smirnov et al, , 2011Kang et al, 2017;Cavalier-Smith et al, 2016) and all these clades are highly supported. These data evidence once more that morphological Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Four species belonging to the genera Amoeba and Chaos were sequenced by Bolivar et al (2001) and grouped together in the phylogenetic tree; hence species of both genera were intermingled in the tree. Multigene data on Amoeba proteus were obtained by Kang et al (2017), but in this tree no other species belonging to the family Amoebidae are present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic position of the amoeba genus Deuteramoeba (Amoebozoa, Tubulinea)

Kamyshatskaya¹,

Nassonova²,

Smirnov³

2017

Protistology

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SummaryAmoebae of the family Amoebidae are among the largest amoebozoans, most widely known to non-specialists as they are popular objects for teaching and various demonstrations. At the same time, they are among the groups, which are the least represented in the molecular phylogenetic trees. Of seven genera comprising the family, members of only two -Amoeba and Chaos -are present in SSU rRNA gene trees and only one species of Amoeba -in multigene trees. We have sequenced SSU rRNA gene of the CCAP 1586/1 strain representing the type strain of the species Deuteramoeba mycophaga, thus adding the third genus to the phylogeny of this family. Phylogenetic analysis robustly placed it as a sister group to Amoeba plus Chaos clade, thus confirming its position deduced earlier from the morphological characters. We also observed structures that may evidence for the presence of the intranuclear parasite in this strain of Deuteramoeba.

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Between a Pod and a Hard Test: The Deep Evolution of Amoebae

Cited by 178 publications

References 65 publications

Novel Diversity of Deeply Branching Holomycota and Unicellular Holozoans Revealed by Metabarcoding in Middle Paraná River, Argentina

Novel Diversity of Deeply Branching Holomycota and Unicellular Holozoans Revealed by Metabarcoding in Middle Paraná River, Argentina

Description of Armaparvus languidus n. gen. n. sp. Confirms Ultrastructural Unity of Cutosea (Amoebozoa, Evosea)

Phylogenetic position of the amoeba genus Deuteramoeba (Amoebozoa, Tubulinea)

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