Between-day repeatability of lower limb EMG measurement during running and walking

Elsais, Walaa M.; Preece, Stephen; Jones, Richard; Herrington, Lee

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102473

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Muscles whose mean activations (

) across the three trials for all legs were above the maximal level in healthy gait were identified as overburdened muscles. The threshold for healthy muscle activation during gait was taken as 50% force capacity (0.5

), as reported in previous EMG ( Burden et al, 2003 ; Nishijima et al, 2010 ; Franz and Kram, 2013 ; Guan et al, 2019 ; Elsais et al, 2020 ) and maximal torque studies ( Requiao et al, 2005 ; Anderson and Madigan, 2014 ). The term “overburdened” will be used throughout this study to refer to muscles that have activations higher than this threshold.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle activation can be estimated using experimental EMG data and normalized to EMG at MVC. Healthy walking recruits lower-limb muscles generally to below or up to 50% of their MVC ( Burden et al, 2003 ; Nishijima et al, 2010 ; Franz and Kram, 2013 ; Guan et al, 2019 ; Elsais et al, 2020 ), with many values in the literature being considerably lower than 50%. A range between 5%–64% has been reported for different muscles with an average value of ∼ 27%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of muscle recruitment during gait of bilateral transfemoral and through-knee persons with limb loss

Benton

Amiri

Henson

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Introduction: Due to loss in musculoskeletal capacity, there is an increased burden on the residual limbs of bilateral transfemoral and through-knee persons with limb loss. This reduced capacity is associated with an increased cost of walking that is detrimental to functionality. Compensatory gait strategies are adopted by this population. However, how these strategies relate to specific muscle recruitment is not known. The primary aim of this study is to characterize muscle recruitment during gait of this population. The secondary aim is to assess whether the measured kinematics can be actuated when the endurance of specific muscles is reduced and if this is the case, which alternative muscles facilitate this.Methods: 3D gait data and high-resolution magnetic resonance images were acquired from six bilateral transfemoral and through-knee persons with limb loss. Subject-specific anatomical muscle models were developed for each participant, and a validated musculoskeletal model was used to quantify muscle forces in two conditions: during normal gait (baseline) and when muscles, which were identified as functioning above a “healthy” level at baseline, have a reduced magnitude of maximum force capacity (reduced endurance simulation). To test the hypothesis that there are differences in muscle forces between the baseline trials and the simulations with reduced muscular endurance, a Bonferroni corrected two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was completed between the two states.Results: The baseline analysis showed that the hip flexors experience relatively high muscle activations during gait. The reduced endurance simulation found two scenarios. First, for 5 out of the 12 simulations, the baseline kinematics could not be reproduced with the reduced muscular capacity. Second, for 7 out of 12 cases where the baseline kinematics were achieved, this was possible with compensatory increased activation of some muscles with similar functions (p ≤ 0.003).Discussion: Evidently, due to the loss of the ankle plantar flexors, gait imposes a high demand on the flexor muscle group of the residual limb. This study highlights how the elevated cost of gait in this population manifests in muscle recruitment. To enhance functionality, it is critical to consider the mechanical demand on the hip flexors and to develop rehabilitation interventions accordingly.

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“…Muscles whose mean activations (

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of muscle recruitment during gait of bilateral transfemoral and through-knee persons with limb loss

Benton

Amiri

Henson

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Four agonistic muscles—the TA, the GA, the VL, and the bicepts femoris (BF)—among the lower extremity agonistic muscles that are mainly used when walking, were measured. Through repeated measurements of the dominant leg for a total of three times, the root mean square (RMS) EMG (uV) was collected [ 19 ]. After rectification of the radio waves of the EMG signals, RMS handling was applied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Shock-Absorbing Insole for High-Heeled Shoes on Gait: Randomized Controlled Trials

Cha

2022

Healthcare

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This study was carried out to identify the influence of a shock-absorbing insole, developed by the author for use with high-heeled shoes, on walking. The research design included single-blind randomized parallel groups; namely, a group of 26 participants who wore the shock-absorbing insoles and another group of 26 participants who did not wear the insoles, both carried out walking while wearing 7 cm high-heels. During walking, plantar pressure analysis (via in-shoe plantar pressure measurements), surface electrode electromyography (surface EMG), gait analysis, subjective comfort evaluation, and functional movement (functional mobility) analysis were carried out. In order to compare the two groups, statistical verification (paired t-test) was performed. Wearing the shock-absorbing insole with the high-heeled shoes improved posture stability during walking, as well as increasing the walking speed. In addition, the heel pressure, the pressure of the front foot at the inner side, and the shock ability were decreased. For these reasons, the wearers reported higher comfort. Changes in the muscle activities of the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) and the gastrocnemius muscle (GA) heightened the stability of the ankle joints. Overall, the proposed shock-absorbing insole for use with high-heeled shoes improved the postural stability when walking, as well as improving the distribution of pressure on the soles. A decrease in the diverse side-effects of wearing high-heeled shoes can thus be expected.

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“…In addition, use of the same training shoes controls the effects of different designs of shoes and the support they provide to individual performances. 14 Even a relatively small change in rearfoot motion as a result of different types of running shoes could be clinically significant given the vast number of foot strikes associated with running. 4,32…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Hip Rotation and Activation of the Quadriceps and Gluteus Maximus in Male Runners

Mohammad

Elsais

2020

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: Although running can provide health benefits, knee joint injuries are frequently reported by recreational runners. To date, the precise mechanism responsible for anterior knee pain remains elusive, and the source of symptoms is debated. Inconsistencies are found in the literature pertaining to the relationship between hip mechanics and activity in the quadriceps and gluteus maximus (GMax) during the running gait. Purpose/Hypothesis: To investigate the correlations between hip rotation and the activity in the quadriceps and GMax during running. We hypothesized that increased hip rotation is correlated with decreased activity in these muscles. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A cohort of 30 healthy recreational runners volunteered to participate in the study (mean ± SD age, 28.8 ± 5.66 years; height, 1.73 ± 0.05 m; mass, 69 ± 6.3 kg; body mass index, 23.02 ± 1.42 kg/m2). Surface electromyography (EMG) data were obtained from the GMax, vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), and vastus lateralis obliquus (VLO). These data were synchronized with a motion capture system during a level-surface running activity at a speed of 3.2 m/s. Results: A significantly strong, negative correlation was found between the hip internal rotation angle and EMG activity of the GMax and the VMO. However, the VLO showed a significant, moderate, and positive correlation of activity with the hip internal rotation angle. Conclusion: The present study showed that during level-surface running, decreased GMax activity may be the cause of distal joint injuries and alteration in quadriceps muscle activity. Clinical Relevance: Because GMax activity is important for controlling the lower body mechanics during running, evaluating GMax activity and internal hip rotation angle is important to prevent the running-related knee injuries that are linked to quadriceps deficits, such as patellofemoral pain. Additionally, clinicians and trainers should consider strengthening the GMax while rehabilitating running-related knee injuries.

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Between-day repeatability of lower limb EMG measurement during running and walking

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Characterization of muscle recruitment during gait of bilateral transfemoral and through-knee persons with limb loss

Characterization of muscle recruitment during gait of bilateral transfemoral and through-knee persons with limb loss

Effectiveness of Shock-Absorbing Insole for High-Heeled Shoes on Gait: Randomized Controlled Trials

Association Between Hip Rotation and Activation of the Quadriceps and Gluteus Maximus in Male Runners

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