Between flood and drought: How cities are facing water surplus and scarcity

Dąbrowska, Jolanta; Menéndez Orellana, Ana Eugenia; Kilian, Wojciech; Moryl, Andrzej; Cielecka, Natalia; Michałowska, Krystyna; Policht-Latawiec, Agnieszka; Michalski, Adam; Bednarek, Agnieszka; Włóka, Agata

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118557

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Progress with using accurate precipitation indices could also help capture and adapt to the effects of climate change (Peterson & Manton, 2008). This is particularly important as people and cities are projected to be further impacted by wet and dry extremes, such as the flooding events shown in Figure 1 (Chen & Sun, 2021; Dąbrowska et al., 2023). Therefore, the broader use of the WD50 index could provide policy‐relevant facts and support Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) #6 of ensuring availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all (Baldassarre et al., 2019; UN Water, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensification in the Wettest Days to 50 Percent of Annual Precipitation (WD50) Across Europe

Goffin,

Kansara,

Lakshmi

2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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Due to global warming, precipitation extremes are becoming more frequent and more severe, further exacerbating the uneven distribution of daily precipitation. In this study, we explored how many days in a year it takes to get to a certain amount of the precipitation that falls annually. We analyzed daily precipitation from gridded observations across the European continent and found that it generally took 22 to 34 of the wettest days to contribute to 50% of yearly totals (WD50). We found various degrees of alignment between gridded observations and ground measurements. Building on this, we examined changes in WD50 and detected widespread shifts toward fewer days in WD50 between the periods of 1950–1985 and 1986–2021. In addition, about one quarter of the European land also exhibited significant, decreasing trends in WD50 over the last 7 decades. Overall, this work showed an intensification of annual precipitation regimes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensification in the Wettest Days to 50 Percent of Annual Precipitation (WD50) Across Europe

Goffin,

Kansara,

Lakshmi

2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…This study uses a digital elevation model (DEM) to identify the elevation points on the Gash River riverbed and balance them with the elevation points on the eastern and western banks of the river adjacent to Kassala town. These points were used to identify the impact of structural and non-structural measures on flood risk mitigation in the Gash River and disclose the influence of these measures on changing riverbed levels [55]. The critical flooding area near Kassala was divided into sections with a distance of 500 m, limited by constructed spurs for flood measures along the river course.…”

Section: Elevation Points Measurement Of the Gash Rivermentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Structural and Non-Structural Measures on the Risk of Flash Floods in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Case Study of the Gash River, Kassala, Eastern Sudan

Shuka,

Wang,

Abubakar

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Sediment precipitation in riverbeds influences the effectiveness of structural and non-structural measures for flash flood mitigation and increases the potential for flooding. This study aimed to disclose the effectiveness of the implemented measures for flood risk mitigation in Kassala town, eastern Sudan. We employed remote sensing (RS) and GIS techniques to determine the change in the Gash River riverbed, the morphology, and the leveling of both the eastern and western sides of the river. Flood model simulation and a 3D path profile were generated using the digital elevation model (DEM) with a data resolution of 12.5 m from the ALOS BILSAR satellite. The main purpose of this study is to extract the layer of elevation of the riverbed on both the western and eastern banks and to determine the variations and their relationship to flood occurrence and mitigation. The construction of dikes and spurs near Kassala town has led to sediment precipitation, causing the riverbed to rise. The results show that it is now 1.5 m above the eastern Kassala town level, with a steep slope of 2 m/km, and the cross-section area at Kassala bridge has shrunk, which indicates that the bridge body will partially impede the river’s high discharge and increase the potential for flood risk in the study area. The eastern part of Kassala town has a higher likelihood of flooding than the western side. This study suggests redesigning structural measures like widening the Gash River, extending Kassala bridge for normal water flow, strengthening early warning systems, and implementing soil conservation activities for normal water flow.

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“…Moreover, risk can also be associated with the potential for negative consequences during critical situations. This way, flood risk is directly related to excessive water and its urban impacts, with many complexities and variables that must be considered, making this a challenging research area [22,23].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood-Resilient Smart Cities: A Data-Driven Risk Assessment Approach Based on Geographical Risks and Emergency Response Infrastructure

Peixoto,

Costa,

Portugal

et al. 2024

Smart Cities

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Flooding in urban areas is expected to become even more common due to climatic changes, putting pressure on cities to implement effective response measures. Practical mechanisms for assessing flood risk have become highly desired, but existing solutions have been devoted to evaluating only specific cities and consider only limited risk perspectives, constraining their general applicability. This article presents an innovative approach for assessing the flood risk of delimited urban areas by exploiting geospatial information from publicly available databases, providing a method that is applicable to any city in the world and requiring minimum configurations. A set of mathematical equations is defined for numerically assessing risk levels based on elevation, slope, and proximity to rivers, while the existence of emergency-related urban infrastructure is considered as a risk reduction factor. Then, computed risk levels are used to classify areas, allowing easy visualisation of flood risk for a city. This smart city approach not only serves as a valuable tool for assessing the expected flood risk based on different parameters but also facilitates the implementation of cutting-edge strategies to effectively mitigate critical situations, ultimately enhancing urban resilience to flood-related disaster.

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Between flood and drought: How cities are facing water surplus and scarcity

Cited by 25 publications

References 135 publications

Intensification in the Wettest Days to 50 Percent of Annual Precipitation (WD50) Across Europe

Intensification in the Wettest Days to 50 Percent of Annual Precipitation (WD50) Across Europe

Impact of Structural and Non-Structural Measures on the Risk of Flash Floods in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Case Study of the Gash River, Kassala, Eastern Sudan

Flood-Resilient Smart Cities: A Data-Driven Risk Assessment Approach Based on Geographical Risks and Emergency Response Infrastructure

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