Between self-interest and reciprocity: The social bright side of self-control failure.

Halali, Eliran; Bereby‐Meyer, Yoella; Meiran, Nachshon

doi:10.1037/a0033824

Cited by 94 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Thus, the final data set comprises 32 participants (17 males; mean age = 23.8; SD = 2.9). This sample size is similar to several other social decision-making studies (e.g., Halali, Bereby-Meyer, & Meiran, 2013;Lenggenhager, Azevedo, Mancini, & Aglioti, 2013;Moretti & di Pellegrino, 2010;Panasiti et al, 2011;Tabibnia, Satpute, & Lieberman, 2008). Participants gave written informed consent, and the study was approved by the local ethics committee.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Perceived warmth and competence of others shape voluntary deceptive behaviour in a morally relevant setting

Azevedo

Panasiti

Maglio³

et al. 2017

British J of Psychology

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The temptation to deceive others compares to a moral dilemma: it involves a conflict between the temptation to obtain some benefit and the desire to conform to personal and social moral norms or avoid aversive social consequences. Thus, people might feel different levels of emotional and moral conflict depending on the target of the deception. Here we explored, in a morally relevant setting, how social judgements based on two fundamental dimensions of human social cognition – ‘warmth’ and ‘competence’ – impact on the decision to deceive others. Results revealed independent effects for warmth and competence. Specifically, while people are less inclined to deceive for self‐gain those individuals they perceive as warm, they also tend to lie more to highly competent others. Furthermore, the perceived warmth and competence modulated the general tendency to reduce deceptive behaviour when there was a risk of disclosure compared to when the lying was anonymous, highlighting the importance of these judgements in social evaluation processes. Together, our results demonstrate that the emotional costs and personal moral standards that inhibit engagement in deceptive behaviour are not stable but rather malleable according to the target and the consequences of the deception.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Perceived warmth and competence of others shape voluntary deceptive behaviour in a morally relevant setting

Azevedo

Panasiti

Maglio³

et al. 2017

British J of Psychology

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“…In laboratory studies of self-regulatory fatigue, the motivation for performance on a task is generally extrinsic: An experimenter asks participants to try their best on a task that is irrelevant to the participant. In these cases, even seemingly simple tasks may produce significant fatigue because levels of motivation and perceived benefit are low (Halali, Bereby-Meyer & Meiran, 2014). On the other hand, tasks that are intrinsically motivated may generate less self-regulatory fatigue (Ryan & Deci, 2000).…”

Section: Principles Of Physical Fatigue Applied To Self-regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nature of Self-Regulatory Fatigue and “Ego Depletion”

Evans

Boggero

Segerstrom

2016

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

145

103

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Self-regulation requires overriding a dominant response, and leads to temporary self-regulatory fatigue. Existing theories of the nature and causes of self-regulatory fatigue highlight physiological substrates such as glucose or psychological processes such as motivation, but these explanations are incomplete on their own. Historically, theories of physical fatigue demonstrate a similar pattern of useful but incomplete explanations, as recent views of physical fatigue emphasize the roles of both physiological and psychological factors. In addition to accounting for multiple inputs, these newer views also explain how fatigue can occur even in the presence of sufficient resources. Examining these newer theories of physical fatigue can serve as a foundation on which to build a more comprehensive understanding of self-regulatory fatigue that integrates possible neurobiological underpinnings of physical and self-regulatory fatigue, and suggests the possible function of self-regulatory fatigue.

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“…However, in real life, many, if not most of our decisions involve considering the well-being of others. But, unfortunately, the role of cognitive load in social decisions is little understood, with previous research showing ambiguous results on the role of cognitive load on social preferences [6–15]: while some studies on prosocial choice behavior in which subjects make decisions affecting the payoff of other participants report that subjects became more generous towards their interaction partner under cognitive load conditions [9,11], others demonstrated increased selfishness [13–16]. Additionally, many publications do not report any effect of cognitive load on social decision making [6–8,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Specific Effects of Cognitive Load on Social Discounting

et al. 2016

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We live busy, social lives, and meeting the challenges of our complex environments puts strain on our cognitive systems. However, cognitive resources are limited. It is unclear how cognitive load affects social decision making. Previous findings on the effects of cognitive load on other-regarding preferences have been ambiguous, allowing no coherent opinion whether cognitive load increases, decreases or does not affect prosocial considerations. Here, we suggest that social distance between individuals modulates whether generosity towards a recipient increases or decreases under cognitive load conditions. Participants played a financial social discounting task with several recipients at variable social distance levels. In this task, they could choose between generous alternatives, yielding medium financial rewards for the participant and recipient at variable social distances, or between a selfish alternative, yielding larger rewards for the participant alone. We show that the social discount function of male participants was significantly flattened under high cognitive load conditions, suggesting they distinguished less between socially close and socially distant recipients. Unexpectedly, the cognitive-load effect on social discounting was gender-specific: while social discounting was strongly dependent on cognitive load in men, women were nearly unaffected by cognitive load manipulations. We suggest that cognitive load leads men, but not women to simplify the decision problem by neglecting the social distance information. We consider our study a good starting point for further experiments exploring the role of gender in prosocial choice.

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Between self-interest and reciprocity: The social bright side of self-control failure.

Cited by 94 publications

References 63 publications

Perceived warmth and competence of others shape voluntary deceptive behaviour in a morally relevant setting

Perceived warmth and competence of others shape voluntary deceptive behaviour in a morally relevant setting

The Nature of Self-Regulatory Fatigue and “Ego Depletion”

Gender-Specific Effects of Cognitive Load on Social Discounting

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