Betydningen av innovasjon og entreprenørskap i norsk arbeidsliv – kunnskapsstatus og veien videre

Ljunggren, Elisabet

doi:10.18261/issn.1504-7989-2018-03-01

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…At the time, the proportion of grants granted to women was 20-30%. Already in 2000, the 40% goal was met (Alsos et al, 2006), and similar targets were set for other support schemes. However, from 2014, the Government removed all gender targets for support schemes offered by Innovation Norway, resulting in a reduction in the proportion of support granted to women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextualising gender policy in tech entrepreneurship: a cross national and multiple-level analysis

Callerstig,

Lindvert,

Ljunggren

et al. 2024

IJEBR

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PurposeIn order to address the gender divide in technology entrepreneurship, we explore how different national contexts impact policies and policy implementation. We investigate how transnational concerns (macro level) about women’s low participation in (technology) entrepreneurship are translated and implemented amongst actors at the meso level (technology incubators) and understood at the micro level (women tech entrepreneurs).Design/methodology/approachWe adopt gender institutionalism as a theoretical lens to understand what happens in the implementation of gender equality goals in technology entrepreneurship policy. We apply Gains and Lowndes’ (2014) conceptual framework to investigate the gendered character and effects of institutional formation. Four countries represent different levels of gender equality: high (Norway and Sweden), medium (Ireland) and low (Israel). An initial policy document analysis provides the macro level understanding (Heilbrunn et al., 2020). At the meso level, managers of technology business incubators (n = 3–5) in each country were interviewed. At the micro level, 10 female technology entrepreneurs in each country were interviewed. We use an inductive research approach, combined with thematic analysis.FindingsPolicies differ across the four countries, ranging from women-centred approaches to gender mainstreaming. Macro level policies are interpreted and implemented in different ways amongst actors at the meso level, who tend to act in line with given national policies. Actors at the micro level often understand gender equality in ways that reflect their national policies. However, women in all four countries share similar struggles with work-life balance and gendered expectations in relation to family responsibilities.Originality/valueThe contribution of our paper is to (1) entrepreneurship theory by applying gendered institutionalism theory to (tech) entrepreneurship, and (2) our findings clearly show that the gendered context matters for policy implementation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextualising gender policy in tech entrepreneurship: a cross national and multiple-level analysis

Callerstig,

Lindvert,

Ljunggren

et al. 2024

IJEBR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Policies to strengthen women's entrepreneurship have been in place since the 1980s, and both Swedish and Norwegian innovation agencies continue to work for gender equality in entrepreneurship, business growth and innovation (Handlingsplan, 2019;F€ urst H€ orte, 2009). For instance, Innovation Norway introduced a quota for female entrepreneurs to receive start-up grants (Alsos et al, 2006), but later rescinded it. Norway also introduced legislation on quotas for boards of publicly owned firms in 2004 and for listed companies in 2006, demanding at least 40% of board members should be women.…”

Section: Masculinities In Technology Entrepreneurshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masculinity in Scandinavian tech entrepreneurship: male technology entrepreneurs negotiating gender (in)equality

Balkmar,

Lindvert,

Ljunggren

2024

IJGE

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PurposeBoth entrepreneurship and technology are significantly gendered, and when combined in technology entrepreneurship, they make up a fundamentally masculine field. This article investigates men tech entrepreneurs' negotiations of gender and gender (in)equality. The purpose is to gain knowledge on masculinity in tech entrepreneurship and to explore what role this might play in any change towards more gender-equal entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were conducted with ten Swedish and Norwegian male tech entrepreneurs in tech incubators. The interviews dealt with gender (in)equality and masculinity in tech entrepreneurship. The data were coded in NVivo and inductively analysed using thematic analysis. We apply a social constructivist understanding of gender.FindingsWe categorise the male entrepreneurs' views of gender equality along “privileged”, “paradoxical” and “potential” articulations of gender (in)equality. Building on these articulations, we discuss the potential entrepreneurial men and masculinities could have for changing gender inequality in the Scandinavian tech entrepreneurship context. The findings are applicable to several entrepreneurial contexts.Originality/valueThe study contributes to further the theoretical understanding of tech entrepreneurship as a gendered phenomenon, its dynamics and its potential for change, particularly in promoting gender equality in tech entrepreneurship. Empirically, it investigates the perceptions about gender (in)equality and gender as negotiated concepts amongst male tech entrepreneurs.

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“…Entreprenørskap handler om den prosessen som individer eller team gjennomgår for å utvikle ny forretningsvirksomhet (Alsos og Ljunggren 2018). Behovet for å skape nye arbeidsplasser er essensielt i dagens moderne arbeidsliv, og entreprenørskap er en nøkkelkompetanse for økonomisk vekst, sysselsetting og personlig utvikling.…”

Section: Innledning Utfordringene I Rurale Områderunclassified

Praksisbasert utdanning

Hagebakken,

Reimers,

Solstad

2023

PØF

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Betydningen av innovasjon og entreprenørskap i norsk arbeidsliv – kunnskapsstatus og veien videre

Cited by 5 publications

References 74 publications

Contextualising gender policy in tech entrepreneurship: a cross national and multiple-level analysis

Contextualising gender policy in tech entrepreneurship: a cross national and multiple-level analysis

Masculinity in Scandinavian tech entrepreneurship: male technology entrepreneurs negotiating gender (in)equality

Praksisbasert utdanning

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