Beyond Buildability: Operability and Commissioning of Industrial Facilities

An operations readiness typology for mitigating against transitional ‘disastrous openings’ of airport infrastructure projects

“…However, this construction of 'commissioning' is inevitably limited in scope. Recent studies -for example, that of Brito et al (2016) -have searched for transition mechanisms that are more effective than traditional 'commissioning' activities. Brito et al (2016) recommend improvements, which they define in terms of 'operability'; in effect, attainment of specified operational needs and requirements.…”

“…Recent studies -for example, that of Brito et al (2016) -have searched for transition mechanisms that are more effective than traditional 'commissioning' activities. Brito et al (2016) recommend improvements, which they define in terms of 'operability'; in effect, attainment of specified operational needs and requirements. Drawing from their work, the near equivalent construct used within the present paper will be 'operations readiness'.…”

An innovative industrial control system architecture for real‐time response, fault‐tolerant operation and seamless plant integration

“…In fact, it is even more intense with the advance of safety control loops through safety networked control systems [7,8] and the progress in Industrial Internet (or Industry 4.0) enabling technologies [9] over the implementation of the Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) [10], Internet of Things (IoT) [11] and Smart Manufacturing [12] concepts in the industrial automation domain [6]. Meanwhile, control systems intended for large-scale industrial facilities are-more often than not-designed with a segregated (subsystem based-part of the facility) rather than a holistic (complete system-entire facility) approach, and built with numerous hardware and software components on incompatible technologies [13]. Furthermore, with functional requirements and equipment interdependencies being evolved even through the startup phase, and delays already counting for the overall project, significant parts of the testing and commissioning process are omitted [14].…”

“…Meanwhile, control systems intended for large‐scale industrial facilities are—more often than not—designed with a segregated (subsystem based—part of the facility) rather than a holistic (complete system—entire facility) approach, and built with numerous hardware and software components on incompatible technologies [13]. Furthermore, with functional requirements and equipment interdependencies being evolved even through the startup phase, and delays already counting for the overall project, significant parts of the testing and commissioning process are omitted [14].…”