Beyond “Culture”: Space, Identity, and the Politics of Difference

Gupta, Akhil; Ferguson, James

doi:10.1525/can.1992.7.1.02a00020

Cited by 2,485 publications

(858 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…No entanto, assumindo a noção antropológica de que o indivíduo é, ao mesmo tempo, agente estruturador e produto de seu contexto social (Benedict, 2014;Malinowski, 2014;Bourdieu, 1983Bourdieu, [1972; Giddens, 1984), é importante ressaltar que a experiência cotidiana do indivíduo deve também ser articulada a processos ligados ao seu contexto histórico e sociocultural local, bem como a outras escalas espaciais de análise, que se mostrarem relevantes para a melhor compreensão do fenômeno abordado (Gupta;Ferguson, 1992;Marcus, 2014;Appadurai, 2000).…”

Section: Registrando a Experiência Do Conhecimento: A Abordagem Etnogunclassified

A experiência do conhecimento em Tim Ingold e as etnociências: reflexões a partir de um estudo de caso etnoecológico

Prado

Murrieta

2017

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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Resumo: Neste artigo, tomamos como ponto de partida um estudo de caso etnoecológico, desenvolvido entre quilombolas, noVale do Ribeira, São Paulo, para lançar algumas reflexões sobre como articular as proposições de Tim Ingold à pesquisa etnocientífica. A proposta teórica de Ingold conecta práxis, percepção e conhecimento do ambiente. Aqui, veremos que a proposta ingoldiana pode ser tomada como: (1) modelo interpretativo para padrões observados em repertórios etnobiológicos/etnoecológicos; (2) modelo hipotético passível de teste empírico; e (3) referencial teórico para análises dirigidas à gênese do conhecimento na práxis. Este último caso é particularmente significativo, pois nele o conhecimento é concebido fenomenologicamente, o que implica um registro qualitativo de sua manifestação, sendo mediado pelo método etnográfico. Por fim, ressaltamos o caráter incipiente do diálogo entre Ingold e o campo etnocientífico, que representa um desafio ainda maior no ambiente acadêmico brasileiro, onde as etnociências figuram mais como um ramo da biologia do que da antropologia, diferente de suas raízes históricas na Europa e nos EUA. Palavras-chave:Etnociências. Tim Ingold. Práxis. Abordagem etnográfica. Etnoecologia. Quilombolas. Abstract:In this article, we present some analytical reflections involving the incorporation of Tim Ingold's theoretical background in ethnosciences. To this end, we make use of an ethnoecological study that we have developed among quilombolas (Maroons) from Southeast Brazil. Ingold states in his approach that praxis, perception and human environmental knowledge cannot be treated as disconnected concepts. Here, we discuss three ways of incorporating the Ingoldian approach in ethnoscience:(1) as an explanatory model of the general patterns present in local repertories of knowledge; (2) as a hypothesis to be tested empirically; and (3) as a theoretical background to analyze the process of knowledge constitution in practice. In this respect, knowledge is conceptualized phenomenologically, which implies a qualitative-ethnographic record of its manifestation in the environmental experience of individuals. To conclude, we highlight the still incipient problematization of Ingoldian insights in ethnoscientific research, which can be difficult in Brazil, where ethnoscience is mainly a branch of biology, rather than of anthropology, as in Europe and the USA.

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Section: Registrando a Experiência Do Conhecimento: A Abordagem Etnogunclassified

A experiência do conhecimento em Tim Ingold e as etnociências: reflexões a partir de um estudo de caso etnoecológico

Prado

Murrieta

2017

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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“…Se ubica, en términos generales, en una vertiente de la sociología de la cultura, particularmente en la tradición que concibe a la cultura como práctica. En otras palabras, se inscribe en un tipo de análisis sociológico que apuesta por el valor explicativo de la dimensión cultural de los procesos y las prácticas sociales, en la relación entre "poder, cultura y lugar" que ilustra lo que se ha llamado el "giro cultural" en las ciencias sociales, y luego en la sociología (Auyero, 1999;Gupta y Ferguson, 1997;Vidich y Lyman, 2000).…”

Section: El Problema De Investigación Y La Construcción Del Objeto Deunclassified

Sujetos móviles y pertenencias urbanas. Notas en torno a una investigación sobre prácticas y experiencias de reinserción social de migrantes retornados a espacios urbanos

Sánchez¹

2015

Estud. Sociol.

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Mobile actors and urban belongings. Research notes on practices and experiences of return migrants' social re-insertion to urban spacesIn the last decade, the studies on return migrants' social re-insertion to Mexico and others Latin American countries have become relevant. Although the volume of return migrants to home countries has increased, such academic relevance responds to interest in studying the individual and social implications of incorporation process. The return migrants in home countries live a similar challenge to that they lived when arrived to destination societies. In spite of social networks, to get inserting in society requires re-adaptation, adjustment of expectations and negotiation of relationship codes in both home countries and abroad.This paper presents some theoretical and methodological notes related to a research focuses on subjective dimensions of return migrants' reinsertion process to urban spaces in home countries. The point of departure is to analyze practices, senses and action turns of return migrants in two dimensions of the experience: re-insertion/ re-emigration and location/mobility.

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“…Appadurai [49] offered critiques for how anthropologists have "incarcerated" indigenous people in places and denied their regional and global interactions to create conveniently bounded elements of difference in locations. Gupta and Ferguson argued that there are no places until they are constructed and imagined by people, also challenging the idea that cultures are "discrete, object-like phenomena occupying discrete space" [50]. They argued that the organization of identity around locality is increasingly obsolete and anthropologists must adjust their thinking about cultural space.…”

Section: Place-based Identitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustaining Sanak Island, Alaska: A Cultural Land Trust

Reedy-Maschner

Maschner

2013

Sustainability

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Sanak Island is the easternmost of the Aleutian Islands and was inhabited by the Aleut (Unangan) peoples for nearly 7000 years. The past few centuries of Sanak Island life for its Aleut residents can be summarized from ethnohistoric documents and extensive interviews with former residents as shifting local-global economic patterns beginning with the sea otter fur trade, followed by cod and salmon fishing, fox farming, and cattle ranching through waves of Russian, American, and Scandinavian authority and/or influence. As the industries changed and the island absorbed new peoples with new goals, Aleut identity and practices also changed as part of these shifting economic and social environments. Sanak Island was abandoned in the 1970s and although uninhabited today, Sanak Island is managed as an important land trust for the island's descendants that serves local peoples as a marine-scape rich in resources for Aleut subsistence harvesting and as a local heritage site where people draw on the diverse historical influences and legacies. Further, this move from an industrial heritage to contemporary local subsistence economies facilitated by a commercial fishing industry is a unique reversal of development in the region with broad implications for community sustainability among indigenous communities. We find that by being place-focused, rather than place-based, community sustainability can be maintained even in the context of relocation and the loss of traditional villages. This will likely become more common as indigenous peoples adapt to globalization and the forces of global change.

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Beyond “Culture”: Space, Identity, and the Politics of Difference

Cited by 2,485 publications

References 21 publications

A experiência do conhecimento em Tim Ingold e as etnociências: reflexões a partir de um estudo de caso etnoecológico

A experiência do conhecimento em Tim Ingold e as etnociências: reflexões a partir de um estudo de caso etnoecológico

Sujetos móviles y pertenencias urbanas. Notas en torno a una investigación sobre prácticas y experiencias de reinserción social de migrantes retornados a espacios urbanos

Sustaining Sanak Island, Alaska: A Cultural Land Trust

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