Beyond elasticity: Are Coulomb properties of the Earth's crust important for volcano geodesy?

Bertelsen, Håvard Svanes; Guldstrand, Frank; Sigmundsson, Freysteinn; Pedersen, R.; Mair, Karen; Galland, Olivier

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.107153

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…These results question the common practice of using dyke segment geometries as proxy for a single intrusion emplacement mechanism (cf. [28,40]). In order to reveal the emplacement and propagation mechanism, it is therefore necessary to also describe the host rock structures associated with the creation of space for the magma [26,27,36].…”

Section: Segment Geometry and Dyke Emplacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geophysical and geodetic data measured at these volcanoes are interpreted using models based on tensile elastic assumptions to constrain magma source, volume, and transport mechanisms. However, the results of these models are often in mismatch when compared with actual erupted material or our current understanding of magmatic systems [14,38,40]. This highlights the still existing knowledge gap between field observations, the actual process of magma transport in sheet intrusions and the associated geophysical and geodetic unrest signals during their emplacement (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emplacement and Segment Geometry of Large, High-Viscosity Magmatic Sheets

et al. 2021

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Understanding magma transport in sheet intrusions is crucial to interpreting volcanic unrest. Studies of dyke emplacement and geometry focus predominantly on low-viscosity, mafic dykes. Here, we present an in-depth study of two high-viscosity dykes (106 Pa·s) in the Chachahuén volcano, Argentina, the Great Dyke and the Sosa Dyke. To quantify dyke geometries, magma flow indicators, and magma viscosity, we combine photogrammetry, microstructural analysis, igneous petrology, Fourier-Transform-Infrared-Spectroscopy, and Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS). Our results show that the dykes consist of 3 to 8 mappable segments up to 2 km long. Segments often end in a bifurcation, and segment tips are predominantly oval, but elliptical tips occur in the outermost segments of the Great Dyke. Furthermore, variations in host rocks have no observable impact on dyke geometry. AMS fabrics and other flow indicators in the Sosa Dyke show lateral magma flow in contrast to the vertical flow suggested by the segment geometries. A comparison with segment geometries of low-viscosity dykes shows that our high-viscosity dykes follow the same geometrical trend. In fact, the data compilation supports that dyke segment and tip geometries reflect different stages in dyke emplacement, questioning the current usage for final sheet geometries as proxies for emplacement mechanism.

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Section: Segment Geometry and Dyke Emplacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emplacement and Segment Geometry of Large, High-Viscosity Magmatic Sheets

et al. 2021

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“…Subsidence of the host rock is likely to be most pronounced surrounding the eruption conduits (cf. Bertelsen et al., 2021). In the Reyðarártindur Pluton, we see evidence of host rock subsidence in the tilt of the roof rocks towards the dike at Rílutungnahamrar and the multiple subsided blocks at Fagralág (Figures 3d and 3e).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Rapid Assembly and Eruption of a Shallow Silicic Magma Reservoir, Reyðarártindur Pluton, Southeast Iceland

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Barker

Burchardt

et al. 2021

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The dynamics of silicic magma assembly prior to eruption are of high interest for eruption forecasting, particularly because of the potential for silicic magma to cause larger, explosive eruptions (Thordarson & Larsen, 2007). Knowledge of the geometry, timescales and emplacement mechanisms of magma reservoirs aid in interpreting precursory signals (geophysical, geodetic, gas emissions etc.) to volcanic eruptions and therefore improve eruption forecasting and risk mitigation (Marti & Folch, 2005

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“…In the past, volcano deformation modelling has successfully reproduced the signals recorded by monitoring networks (Neal et al 2019). However, the modelled solutions were generally non-unique and not always geologically plausible (Bertelsen et al 2021). In the next decade, the integration of VIPS research on, e.g., the mechanisms of dyke propagation and deformation associated with the establishment of magma bodies into unrest modelling will contribute to more realistic interpretations of volcano monitoring data, which will lead to better risk management and hazard mitigation.…”

Section: Paradigm Shifts and State Of The Art In Vips Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in the study of volcanic and igneous plumbing systems: outstanding problems and new opportunities

et al. 2022

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Prior to and during eruptions, magma is stored and transported within volcanic and igneous plumbing systems (VIPS) that comprise a network of magma reservoirs and sheet intrusions. The study of these VIPS requires the combination of knowledge from the fields of igneous petrology, geochemistry, thermodynamic modelling, structural geology, volcano geodesy, and geophysics, which express the physical, chemical, and thermal complexity of the processes involved, and how these processes change spatially and temporally. In this contribution, we review the development of the discipline of plumbing system studies in the past two decades considering three angles: (1) the conceptual models of VIPS and paradigm changes, (2) methodological advances, and (3) the diversity of the scientific community involved in VIPS research. We also discuss future opportunities and challenges related to these three topics.

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Beyond elasticity: Are Coulomb properties of the Earth's crust important for volcano geodesy?

Cited by 15 publications

References 112 publications

Emplacement and Segment Geometry of Large, High-Viscosity Magmatic Sheets

Emplacement and Segment Geometry of Large, High-Viscosity Magmatic Sheets

Rapid Assembly and Eruption of a Shallow Silicic Magma Reservoir, Reyðarártindur Pluton, Southeast Iceland

Developments in the study of volcanic and igneous plumbing systems: outstanding problems and new opportunities

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