Beyond Hamilton's rule

Vladar, Harold P. de; Szathmáry, Eörs

doi:10.1126/science.aam6322

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We think that our model takes account of some basic ideas of the above two research lines, in this sense it is a partial combination of both approaches. The basic idea of the inclusive fitness theory is that genetic relatedness is important for the social evolution [60], and the mating table method gives a detailed description of the genetic relatedness. The basic idea of group selection theory is that the multi-level selection is important for social evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To save or not to save your family member’s life? Evolutionary stability of self-sacrificing life history strategy in monogamous sexual populations

Garay

Varga

et al. 2019

BMC Evol Biol

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Background For the understanding of human nature, the evolutionary roots of human moral behaviour are a key precondition. Our question is as follows: Can the altruistic moral rule “Risk your life to save your family members, if you want them to save your life” be evolutionary stable? There are three research approaches to investigate this problem: kin selection, group selection and population genetics modelling. The present study is strictly based on the last approach. Results We consider monogamous and exogamous families, where at an autosomal locus, dominant-recessive alleles determine the phenotypes in a sexual population. Since all individuals’ survival rate is determined by their altruistic family members, we introduce a new population genetics model based on the mating table approach and adapt the verbal definition of evolutionary stability to genotypes. In general, when the resident is recessive, a homozygote is an evolutionarily stable genotype (ESG), if the number of survivors of the resident genotype of the resident homozygote family is greater than that of non-resident heterozygote survivors of the family of the resident homozygote and mutant heterozygote genotypes. Using the introduced genotype dynamics we proved that in the recessive case ESG implies local stability of the altruistic genotype. We apply our general ESG conditions for self-sacrificing life history strategy when the number of new-born offspring does not depend on interactions within the family and the interactions are additive. We find that in this case our ESG conditions give back Hamilton’s rule for evolutionary stability of the self-sacrificing life history strategy. Conclusions In spite of the fact that the kidney transplantations was not a selection factor during the earlier human evolution, nowadays “self-sacrificing” can be observed in the live donor kidney transplantations, when the donor is one of the family members. It seems that selection for self-sacrificing in family produced an innate moral tendency in modulating social cognition in human brain. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-019-1478-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To save or not to save your family member’s life? Evolutionary stability of self-sacrificing life history strategy in monogamous sexual populations

Garay

Varga

et al. 2019

BMC Evol Biol

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“…For example, females without infants prefer to groom the females with infants to gain access to infants ( Wei et al 2013 ). Thus, even though kin selection plays an important role in social evolution, close kinship is not always necessary to explain social behavior ( de Vladar and Szathmáry 2017 ). A multitude of factors may are likely to affect social behavior in species such as R. roxellana in addition to those we mentioned previously, e.g., social structure ( Silk 2002 ), rank ( Bentley-Condit and Smith 1999 ), and physiological condition ( Guy et al 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinship promotes affiliative behaviors in a monkey

et al. 2017

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In social mammals, kinship is an important factor that often affects the interactions among individuals within groups. In primates that live in a multilevel society, kinship may affect affiliative patterns between individuals at different scales within the larger group. For this study, we use field observations and molecular methods to reveal the profiles of how kinship affects affiliative behaviors between individuals in a breeding band of wild golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). We use a novel nonparametric test, the partition Mantel test, to measure independently the correlation between kinship and each of three affiliative behaviors. Our results show that more closely related females are more likely to groom each other. Average relatedness between adult females within the same one-male unit (OMU) is higher than that between adult females from different OMUs. We suggest that closely related females may reside in the same OMU in order to attain inclusive fitness benefits, and that kinship plays an important role in maintaining the social structure of this species.

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“…Indeed, he was the first biologist to systematically describe cooperation in species as diverse as invertebrates and humans. Since the time of Kropotkin, explaining cooperation became one of the greatest challenges for evolutionary biology and continues to be debated by biologists, philosophers, and other scholars (Vladar & Szathmáry, ).…”

Section: The Interactive Nature Of Human Life Course Biology With Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Human life course biology: A centennial perspective of scholarship on the human pattern of physical growth and its place in human biocultural evolution

Bogin

Varea

Hermanussen³

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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adolescence, childhood, life history, menopause, senescence | I N TR ODU C TI ONFor this Centennial Perspective, we write about the ways that historical literature has influenced our own current set of understandings of human physical growth and development and our hypotheses of how the human pattern of growth evolved. Four historical events and premises structure our current approach to understanding growth in the context of human life history:1. the discovery that there exists a constant interplay between evolution with physical growth and development; 2. the recognition of novel features of human growth and development, and several ways these may be organized into a continuum of ontogenetic events; 3. evidence that human life course biology establishes the foundation for the capacity for human culture and biocultural reproduction; 4. the interactive nature of human life course biology with the social, economic, and political environment.For each we discuss the basic ideas we currently deploy and how those came into being, drawing on historical theory and especially on articles published in the AJPA and Yearbook of Physical Anthropology (YPA). At first glance, our four events and premises may seem disparate, but we hope to show that they are interrelated and, essentially, different facets of a common human biology. We do not expect all readers to agree with our approach, but we hope that by laying out our broader theoretical rationale we will stimulate new research. In addition, newer AJPA readers may learn something useful about the career-long process of personal theorybuilding as they plan their own professional life course of research, which is the basis of the discipline as it will be 100 years hence.Our essay is not an exhaustive review, rather it highlights some critical research and scholarship and mentions research by the current authors where appropriate ("all is vanity" Ecclesiastes 1:2). | TH E IN TE RP L A Y B ETWE EN E V OLU TI ON WI TH P HY S I CA L G ROWTH A N D DE V EL OP M EN TThe great lesson that comes from thinking of organisms as life cycles is that it is the life cycle, not just the adult, that evolves (Bonner, 1993, p. 93).The study of biological growth in relation to evolution has a venerable history. D'arcy Thompson (1860Thompson ( -1948 used mathematics and principles of mechanics to show in a formal and scientific manner the physical and geometrical constraints of developmental biology within which evolution could operate (Thompson, 1917). Thompson took issue with natural selection as the only force of evolution and as the primary "lathe of evolution", that is, the process that shapes biological form to any functional adaptation. Instead, he argued that some biolog-

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Beyond Hamilton's rule

Abstract: A broader view of how relatedness affects the evolution of altruism is emerging

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

To save or not to save your family member’s life? Evolutionary stability of self-sacrificing life history strategy in monogamous sexual populations

To save or not to save your family member’s life? Evolutionary stability of self-sacrificing life history strategy in monogamous sexual populations

Kinship promotes affiliative behaviors in a monkey

Human life course biology: A centennial perspective of scholarship on the human pattern of physical growth and its place in human biocultural evolution

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