“…Today’s cities are integrating two processes, which at times seem almost in conflict: diversity and abstraction. That is, today’s cities encapsulate generic and standardized global places (e.g., airport cities, convention centers, banks, and train stations) (Lecomte, 2013), growing verticality that includes large-scale urban planning directed towards volumetric cities (e.g., increased developments of high-rise complexes) (Drozdz et al, 2018), and growing dependence on technology for planning and policymaking (Rose, 2017), while with the increased mobility and immigration of people all around the world, present-day cities are also very diverse (Sandercock, 2000; 2004). These dynamic characteristics of present-day cities invite us to reconsider the tools and methods with which we can discern contemporary socio-spatial relations, and recent planning literature questions the methods and tools used to studying socio-spatial relations, cities, and urban planning today (Brenner et al, 2011; Buser, 2014; Kurath et al, 2018; Rydin & Tate, 2016; Sachs Olsen & Juhlin, 2021; Shilon & Kallus, 2018).…”