The term interdisciplinarity is dated conventionally to research on social problems in the 1920s, such as crime, migration, and interracial relations. It was also linked in the opening decades of the twentieth century to integrative approaches in education rather than specialized subjects and disciplines alone, most notably in the core curriculum and general education movements. By the 1940s defense‐related needs were a major catalyst, benchmarked by the Manhattan Project to create scientific knowledge of nuclear fission and implosion as well as technological pragmatics of building an atomic bomb. By the 1970s new fields were also emerging, including ethnic, women's, environmental, and urban studies. Subsequently, international economic competition in science‐based fields was a primary driver in areas such as manufacturing, engineering, computers, and biomedicine. In recent decades inter‐ and transdisciplinarity have loomed larger in fields of sustainability and health. The current momentum is driven in large part by the widespread conviction that the complexity of scientific and societal problems today requires multiple forms of expertise. Collaborative practice has become a standard of care in many settings, from doctors' offices, clinics, and hospitals to nursing homes and community health agencies. Health communication scientists may also create media campaigns, serve as spokespersons for agencies, market drug therapies and medical equipment, conduct research or explain policies and procedures to patients and clients. This entry begins with a basic vocabulary of interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, and interprofessional work, followed by the link between communication and collaboration in teamwork, then closing with pertinent competencies and strategies for communication.