Beyond Mutualism: Complex Mycorrhizal Interactions

Bledsoe, Caroline S.; Allen, Michael F.; Southworth, Darlene

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38797-5_10

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…, Bledsoe et al. , de Menezes et al. ) to gain a more holistic understanding of how annual grass‐invaded landscapes alter soil biodiversity and ecosystem function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that other soil organisms (e.g., fungi) that are sensitive to grassland invasion ) play a large role determining how soil functions change as resource distributions change (Ushio et al 2013). Future studies of the effects of annual plant invasions should consider the interactions between fungi, bacteria, and plants (Allen et al 2003, Bledsoe et al 2014, de Menezes et al 2017 to gain a more holistic understanding of how annual grass-invaded landscapes alter soil biodiversity and ecosystem function. In addition, there are many other systems where plant invasions decrease soil heterogeneity (Dassonville et al 2008), and thus, we might expect similar reductions in bacterial diversity in a variety of ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial diversity is positively correlated with soil heterogeneity

Curd

Martiny

et al. 2018

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Plant and animal diversity generally increases with increasing environmental heterogeneity.Here, we test whether this relationship also holds for bacterial communities in soil. Specifically, we investigate whether invasive annual grasslands have reduced soil heterogeneity and, thereby, decreased bacterial alpha-and beta-diversity. Soils were sampled at nine sites within a 5-km stretch of Southern California, at five depths in three habitats, including non-native invasive annual grassland, native oak woodland, and native coastal sage scrub. We characterized soil heterogeneity as well as bacterial alpha-and beta-diversity by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. We found that invasive annual grasslands harbored less soil heterogeneity and reduced bacterial alpha-diversity relative to the two native woody habitats. Further, across all habitats and depths, bacterial alpha-and beta-diversity was positively related to soil heterogeneity. These results suggest that plant invasions associated with soil homogenization may lead to reduced microbial diversity.

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“…, Bledsoe et al. , de Menezes et al. ) to gain a more holistic understanding of how annual grass‐invaded landscapes alter soil biodiversity and ecosystem function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial diversity is positively correlated with soil heterogeneity

Curd

Martiny

et al. 2018

Ecosphere

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“…AM are more important and effective than EM for plants to acquire P (Lambers et al ., ; Averill et al ., ). In our study sites, the understorey vegetation comprised AM‐associated herbaceous species (Bledsoe et al ., ), whereas larch was EM‐associated (Guo et al ., ). The increase in the AM : EM ratio in the young stand as a result of N addition was an indication that the understorey vegetation benefited from an enhanced capacity to absorb more P. Therefore, compared with larch, the understorey vegetation in the young stand maintained a higher stoichiometric homoeostasis through higher P resorption efficiency and more efficient soil absorption of P, as indicated by an increase in the AM : EM ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased phosphate uptake but not resorption alleviates phosphorus deficiency induced by nitrogen deposition in temperate Larix principis‐rupprechtii plantations

et al. 2016

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The imbalance between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition may shift temperate ecosystems from N- to P-limitation. However, it is unclear how the imbalanced N : P input affects the strategies of plants to acquire P and, therefore, the growth of plants and the competition among species. We conducted a 4-yr N-addition experiment in young and mature larch (Larix principis-rupprechtii) stands. Plant growth and P acquisition strategies were assessed for larch and understorey vegetation. N addition stimulated the aboveground productivity of understorey vegetation in the young stand and larch in the mature stand, with other species unaffected. The competitive advantages of understorey vegetation in the young stand and larch in the mature stand were associated with their high stoichiometric homoeostasis. To maintain the N : P homoeostasis of these species, an increase in phosphatase activity but not P resorption efficiency increased the supply of P. Additionally, N addition accelerated P mineralization by decreasing the fungal-to-bacterial ratios and improved uptake of soil P by increasing the arbuscular mycorrhizas-to-ectomycorrhizas ratios. Our results suggest that plants with high stoichiometric homoeostasis could better cope with N deposition-induced P-deficiency. Although P resorption efficiency showed little plasticity in response, plants activated a variety of P-acquisition pathways to alleviate the P-deficiency caused by N deposition.

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“…However, the presence of continuous tree‐ring records provides an opportunity to indirectly investigate EMN stability through time. Fungal rhizomorphs, such as those produced by Rhizopogon spp., can live for an average of 11 months (Treseder et al., 2005) with colonized root tips averaging 1 year (Bledsoe et al., 2014). Twieg et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond seedlings: Ectomycorrhizal fungal networks and growth of mature Pseudotsuga menziesii

et al. 2020

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Mycorrhizal networks are conduits for the transfer of resources between hosts. While ectomycorrhizal networks (EMN) are known to influence seedlings, their effect on adult tree growth remains unknown and may have important implications for forest responses to future climates. We used annual basal area increment of trees and previously described Rhizopogon vesiculosus and Rhizopogon vinicolor EMNs to examine an association between the number of connections between trees through an EMN and the growth of adult interior Douglas‐fir. We compared this relationship for the year the networks were mapped, in 2008, with 8 years previous and 8 years afterward. We also compared the variation in standardized growth (2000–2016) to examine the association between growth variability and EMN variables. Greater growth was positively associated with (a) the number of connections to other trees via a R. vinicolor EMN and (b) the number of genets of Rhizopogon vesiculosis by which a tree was colonized. Variation of growth (2000–2016) was negatively associated with increasing number of connections to other trees via R. vinicolor. Synthesis. These findings, for the first time, indicate that EMNs may positively influence the growth of adult trees. The difference in tree growth response between the sister fungal species highlights a novel avenue to identify interspecific and intraspecific differences between fungi occurring at different depths in the soil. Our study has important implications when considering the role of EMNs in influencing forest health and mitigating stress from environmental conditions.

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Beyond Mutualism: Complex Mycorrhizal Interactions

Cited by 7 publications

References 89 publications

Bacterial diversity is positively correlated with soil heterogeneity

Bacterial diversity is positively correlated with soil heterogeneity

Increased phosphate uptake but not resorption alleviates phosphorus deficiency induced by nitrogen deposition in temperate Larix principis‐rupprechtii plantations

Beyond seedlings: Ectomycorrhizal fungal networks and growth of mature Pseudotsuga menziesii

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