Beyond nature: The roles of visual appeal and individual differences in perceived restorative potential

Twedt, Elyssa; Rainey, Reuben M.; Proffítt, Dennis R.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.101322

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Environmental compatibility matches one's goals and inclinations. Visual appeal, naturalness, and lack of human habitation are three important elements of a restorative environment [13].…”

Section: Restorative Environments and Their Restorabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to gather the power spectral density, the Welch method was used to divide the data into 1 s long windows with 50% overlap. The EEG indices of each channel were calculated, and the PSD was divided into α (8-13 Hz), β (13-30 Hz), β low (13)(14)(15), β high (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), and θ (4-8 Hz). EEG waveforms for each frequency band are shown in Figure 17.…”

Section: Emg and Eeg Feedback From Different Scene Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a Virtual Reality-Based Restorative Environment on the Emotional and Cognitive Recovery of Individuals with Mild-to-Moderate Anxiety and Depression

Dong

Wang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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In this study, restorative environment theory and virtual reality (VR) technology were combined to build different 3D dynamic VR interactive scenes. We discuss the effects of a VR restorative environment on the emotional and cognitive recovery of individuals with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression. First, we built a VR restorative garden scene, divided into four areas: forest, lawn, horticultural planting, and water features. The scene was verified to have a good recovery effect in 26 participants. Then, 195 participants with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression were selected as experimental subjects. Through psychological testing and EMG (Electromyography) and EEG (Electroencephalography) data feedback, we further explored the differences in the sense of presence in VR restorative scenes and their effect on individual emotional and cognitive recovery. The results showed that (1) both the restorative environment images and the VR scenes had a healing effect (the reduction in negative emotions and the recovery of positive emotions and cognition), with no difference in the subjective feeling of recovery among the different scenes, but the recovery score of the VR urban environment was higher than that of the natural environment (differing from the results in real environments); (2) a high sense of presence can be experienced in different VR scenes, and interactive activities in VR scenes can provide a great presence experience; (3) the recovery effects of VR restorative environment on emotion and self-efficacy are realized through the presence of VR scenes; (4) a VR restorative environment is helpful for the emotional improvement and cognitive recovery of individuals with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression. VR urban scenes also have good recovery effects. In terms of cognitive recovery, self-efficacy improved significantly. In addition, from the perspective of EEG indicators, the VR restorative scene experience activated the prefrontal lobe, which is conducive to cognitive recovery in individuals with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression. In terms of emotional improvement, negative emotions were significantly reduced in the different VR scene groups. In conclusion, we further explored ways to help individuals with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression, in order to promote the development and application of mental health.

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“…Environmental compatibility matches one's goals and inclinations. Visual appeal, naturalness, and lack of human habitation are three important elements of a restorative environment [13].…”

Section: Restorative Environments and Their Restorabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emg and Eeg Feedback From Different Scene Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Virtual Reality-Based Restorative Environment on the Emotional and Cognitive Recovery of Individuals with Mild-to-Moderate Anxiety and Depression

Dong

Wang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…57 However, in urban Relationship between number of fixations and preference rating for reduced data set environments, the presence of people is relatively common and unavoidable, and it is usually associated with a positive evaluation of the scene. 80 Secondly, distinct features of the built environment captured attention. We found gaze hotspots on alphanumeric content (images i29, i28, i40), for example, signage and number plates, in line with previous studies where participants spent more time looking at the text than the picture part of advertisements 81 (HMs for all images are included in the Supplementary Material).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

View preference in urban environments

Batool

Rutherford

McGraw

et al. 2020

Lighting Research & Technology

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With people spending up to 90% of their time in indoor spaces, windows and the visual connection that they afford to the outside, can play an important role in ensuring physical and psychological well-being. This is particularly relevant in urban settings, a substantial part of our lives, whilst still being significantly understudied. What we know from other environments may not translate to cities, and there may be important differences between the expressed preferences of individuals and their behaviour. Therefore, this study sought to define suitable methods and metrics to measure view preference in urban environments. Participants were asked to observe urban views whilst three types of data were collected: subjective preference ratings; eye-tracking measures and verbal reasoning. We found that when views were preferred, the gaze of the observers was more exploratory, with a higher occurrence of fixations and number of saccades. In addition, participants tend to prefer the presence of people, well-maintained buildings and orderly presented colours. A new link was revealed between the degree of visual exploration and the preference rating of a visual scene. This characteristic pattern of oculomotor behaviour may guide the criteria for framing selected views and accordingly inform window design in buildings.

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“…Key pathways that have been identified such as improving air quality, promoting physical activity, and encouraging social cohesion (Hartig et al, 2014) do not apply when it comes to VR nature. Moreover, as reviewed earlier, it remains unclear if there is anything intrinsic about nature that leads to improved wellbeing, beyond environmental preference (Meidenbauer et al, 2020) or perceived restorative potential (Twedt et al, 2019). This thesis thus seeks to expand wellbeing research by investigating the mediating role of nature connectedness.…”

Section: Effects Of Nature On Psychological Wellbeingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Research has found that museums can be as restorative as natural environments (Kaplan et al, 1993;Packer & Bond, 2010). Restorativeness is important to control for as the need for restoration has been shown to influence preference for natural environments (Hartig & Staats, 2006;Twedt et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of nature in virtual reality on psychological wellbeing

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Beyond nature: The roles of visual appeal and individual differences in perceived restorative potential

Cited by 37 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of a Virtual Reality-Based Restorative Environment on the Emotional and Cognitive Recovery of Individuals with Mild-to-Moderate Anxiety and Depression

Effect of a Virtual Reality-Based Restorative Environment on the Emotional and Cognitive Recovery of Individuals with Mild-to-Moderate Anxiety and Depression

View preference in urban environments

The effects of nature in virtual reality on psychological wellbeing

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