“…While the manuscript has explored the utility of the attributes of adaptive governance in meeting these requirements, it is worth noting that the adaptive governance concept itself is not without its critics. Some have highlighted the challenges in the emergence of adaptive governance, including path dependencies from old institutions and cultural traditions, as well as the role of vested interests [19,23,106], the challenges of coordination and allocation of responsibilities across scales, capacity constraints, potential inefficiencies in its institutional arrangements [52,98,156], and the potential for outcomes that may be undesirable, including the neglect of power relations and social inequities [20,118,151]. Given the inherently political and wicked nature of transformation processes [95,157,158], adaptive governance may have limited transformational ability where some of these challenges are not identified and addressed [38].…”