Beyond positivism: humanistic perspectives on theory and research in health education

Buchanan, David

doi:10.1093/her/13.3.439

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Third, considering theory alone, without empirical observation to identify the influence of a specific context, can miss important information relevant to improving KT [9,12]. Fourth, theories can differ in the roles they are intended to serve, with some clearly designed to provide explanation and prediction and others being intended primarily to serve communicative roles, a fact that can complicate application to new contexts [20]. In part because of these challenges, the majority of theory application work has focused on a very small number of theories [15] and yielded only modest progress on issues about how to improve KT interventions [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building theories of knowledge translation interventions: Use the entire menu of constructs

2012

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BackgroundIn the ongoing effort to develop and advance the science of knowledge translation (KT), an important question has emerged around how theory should inform the development of KT interventions.DiscussionEfforts to employ theory to better understand and improve KT interventions have until recently mostly involved examining whether existing theories can be usefully applied to the KT context in question. In contrast to this general theory application approach, we propose a ‘menu of constructs’ approach, where individual constructs from any number of theories may be used to construct a new theory. By considering the entire menu of available constructs, rather than limiting choice to the broader level of theories, we can leverage knowledge from theories that would never on their own provide a complete picture of a KT intervention, but that nevertheless describe components or mechanisms relevant to it. We can also avoid being forced to adopt every construct from a particular theory in a one-size-fits-all manner, and instead tailor theory application efforts to the specifics of the situation. Using audit and feedback as an example KT intervention strategy, we describe a variety of constructs (two modes of reasoning, cognitive dissonance, feed forward, desirable difficulties and cognitive load, communities of practice, and adaptive expertise) from cognitive and educational psychology that make concrete suggestions about ways to improve this class of intervention.SummaryThe ‘menu of constructs’ notion suggests an approach whereby a wider range of theoretical constructs, including constructs from cognitive theories with scope that makes the immediate application to the new context challenging, may be employed to facilitate development of more effective KT interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building theories of knowledge translation interventions: Use the entire menu of constructs

2012

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“…Az elméletek kialakításakor hét funkciót érdemes figyelembe venni: előrejelzés (predikció), értelmezés, explicit feltevések kialakítása, megértés, értelemadás, érzékennyé tevés és kritika (lásd 1. táblázat). Az első kettő a pozitivizmus területe alá esik, míg a többi öt a humán elméletek kialakításának eredménye, úgy mint, a történelmi, jogi, irodalmi és filozófiai kutatásokban (Buchanan, 1998). Az elméletek és kutatások többsége logikai pozitivizmuson alapszik (Blaikie, 1991;Bryman, 2003;.…”

Section: Tudományos Paradigmákunclassified

“…A paradigma egy világnézet, a világról alkotott feltétele-zések közötti kapcsolatok összessége, melyet a világot megismerni vágyó, kutató tudósok közössége alakít (Deshpande, 1983), szabályok, cselekvési minták és eszközök együttese (Nagy, 1998). Buchanan (1998) Burrell és Morgan (1979) négyparadigmás társa-dalomelméleti modelljük megalkotásakor az ontoló-gia, ismeretelmélet, emberi természet és metodológia négyesére támaszkodtak. Szerintük a kutatásokat e négy alapvető feltevés mentén lehet vizsgálni.…”

Section: Tudományos Paradigmákunclassified

Fuzzy logikán alapuló modellezési módszerek gazdálkodástudományi alkalmazásának episztemológiai megközelítése

Kása¹,

Réthi²

2017

Veztud

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“…Such recognition frequently leads to disillusionment with science, rational thought and empirical research-that is, to a postmodern understanding of the world (Buchanan, 1998;Wallerstein, 1999). Such recognition frequently leads to disillusionment with science, rational thought and empirical research-that is, to a postmodern understanding of the world (Buchanan, 1998;Wallerstein, 1999).…”

Section: Implications For Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of Systems Dynamic Models and Control Theory for Environmental Approaches to the Prevention of Alcohol- and Other Drug Use-Related Problems

Gorman¹,

Gruenewald²,

Hanlon³

et al. 2004

Substance Use & Misuse

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The approach described in this article is premised on the idea that drug and alcohol use-related problems are heterogeneously distributed with respect to population and geography, and therefore, are essentially local problems. More specifically, it is argued that viewing a local community as an interacting set of systems that support or buffer the occurrence of specific substance misuse outcomes, opens up to research two important prospects. The first of these involves creating adequate systems models that can capture the primary community structures and relationships that support public health problems such as alcohol and drug misuse and related outcomes. The second entails rationally testing control strategies that have the potential to moderate or reduce these problems. Understanding and controlling complex dynamic systems models nowadays pervades all scientific disciplines, and it is to research in areas such as biology, ecology, engineering, computer sciences, and mathematics that researchers in the field of addictions must turn to in order to better study the complexity that confronts them as they try to understand and prevent problems resulting from alcohol and drug use and misuse. Here we set out what such a systems-based understanding of alcohol- and drug use-related problems will require and discuss its implications for public policy and prevention programming.

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Beyond positivism: humanistic perspectives on theory and research in health education

Cited by 33 publications

References 47 publications

Building theories of knowledge translation interventions: Use the entire menu of constructs

Building theories of knowledge translation interventions: Use the entire menu of constructs

Fuzzy logikán alapuló modellezési módszerek gazdálkodástudományi alkalmazásának episztemológiai megközelítése

Implications of Systems Dynamic Models and Control Theory for Environmental Approaches to the Prevention of Alcohol- and Other Drug Use-Related Problems

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