Beyond sleep: A multidimensional model of chronotype

Chauhan, Satyam; Norbury, Ray; Faßbender, Kaja Christina; Ettinger, Ulrich; Kumari, Veena

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105114

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 235 publications

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“…Third, we recommend future studies to consider the chronotype of study participants as well as take any regional and seasonal variations into account for both the control and patient groups, given their relevance for mental disorders as well as MLT production [85].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineal Abnormalities in Psychosis and Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review

Chauhan,

Barbanta,

Ettinger

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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The pineal gland (PG) is a small interhemispheric brain structure that influences human physiology in many ways, most importantly via secretion of the hormone melatonin which is known to regulate sleep and wakefulness. Here, we systematically reviewed existing neuroimaging studies of PG structure, and/or melatonin release (MLT) in psychosis and mood disorders. Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched (on 3 February 2023), yielding 36 studies (8 PG volume, 24 MLT). The findings showed smaller-than-normal PG volume in people with schizophrenia, regardless of symptom severity and illness stage; and smaller-than-normal PG volume in major depression, with some indication of this being present only in certain subgroups, or in those with high scores on the ‘loss of interest’ symptom. There was considerable evidence of lower-than-normal MLT as well as aberrant MLT secretion pattern in schizophrenia. A similar picture, though less consistent than that seen in schizophrenia, emerged in major depression and bipolar disorder, with some evidence of a transient lowering of MLT following the initiation of certain antidepressants in drug-withdrawn patients. Overall, PG and MLT aberrations appear to represent transdiagnostic biomarkers for psychosis and mood disorders, but further work is needed to establish their clinical correlates and treatment implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pineal Abnormalities in Psychosis and Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review

Chauhan,

Barbanta,

Ettinger

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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“…Under a physiological setting, cells within a tissue are exposed to multiple stimuli that act as Zeitgebers, such as sunlight (exposure), metabolic signals, temperature, and hormones like cortisol (Roenneberg and Merrow 2016). The exposure to these signals is under a rhythmic control, with levels cycling throughout the day (Chauhan et al 2023). By using a single exposure to dexamethasone in this model, we are missing the cyclic aspect of cortisol response present in vivo , as well as other effects that could be due to the coupling of Zeitgebers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibroblasts as an in vitro model of circadian genetic and genomic studies: A temporal analysis

Francia

Bot

Boltz

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bipolar disorder (BD) is a heritable disorder characterized by shifts in mood that manifest in manic or depressive episodes. Clinical studies have identified abnormalities of the circadian system in BD patients as a hallmark of underlying pathophysiology. Fibroblast cells collected from BD patients show temporal differences in the expression of core circadian genes. We set out to examine the underlying genetic architecture of circadian rhythm in an in vitro fibroblast model, in order to disentangle the polygenic nature of BD disease risk. We collected, from primary cell lines of 6 healthy individuals, temporal genomic features over a 48 hour period from transcriptomic data (RNA-seq) and open chromatin data (ATAC-seq). The RNA-seq data showed that only a limited number of genes, such asARNTL, CRY1, PER3, NR1D2andTEFdisplay circadian patterns of expression consistently across cell cultures. The ATAC-seq data identified that distinct transcription factor families, like those with the basic helix-loop-helix motif, were associated with regions that were increasing in accessibility over time. Further evaluation of these regions using stratified linkage disequilibrium score regression (sLDSC) analysis failed to identify a significant presence of them in the known genetic architecture of BD, and other psychiatric disorders or neurobehavioral traits in which the circadian rhythm is affected. This study characterizes the biological pathways that are activated in this in vitro circadian model, evaluating the relevance of these processes in the context of the genetic architecture of BD and other disorders, highlighting its limitations and future applications for circadian genomic studies.

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“…In comparison to M-types, the E-types have less physical activity and more sedentary time [ 177 ]. It should be noted that although sleep is an important dimension, chronotype has multiple dimensions and other factors such as environmental and social influences shape the chronotypes of individuals [ 178 ]. The individuals’ chronotypes can be determined using a Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire [ 179 ].…”

Section: Physiological Rhythms and Chronotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Rhythms and Biological Variation of Biomolecules: The Road to Personalized Laboratory Medicine

Coşkun

Zarepour

Zarrabi

2023

IJMS

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The concentration of biomolecules in living systems shows numerous systematic and random variations. Systematic variations can be classified based on the frequency of variations as ultradian (<24 h), circadian (approximately 24 h), and infradian (>24 h), which are partly predictable. Random biological variations are known as between-subject biological variations that are the variations among the set points of an analyte from different individuals and within-subject biological variation, which is the variation of the analyte around individuals’ set points. The random biological variation cannot be predicted but can be estimated using appropriate measurement and statistical procedures. Physiological rhythms and random biological variation of the analytes could be considered the essential elements of predictive, preventive, and particularly personalized laboratory medicine. This systematic review aims to summarize research that have been done about the types of physiological rhythms, biological variations, and their effects on laboratory tests. We have searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for biological variation and physiological rhythm articles in English without time restrictions with the terms “Biological variation, Within-subject biological variation, Between-subject biological variation, Physiological rhythms, Ultradian rhythms, Circadian rhythm, Infradian rhythms”. It was concluded that, for effective management of predicting, preventing, and personalizing medicine, which is based on the safe and valid interpretation of patients’ laboratory test results, both physiological rhythms and biological variation of the measurands should be considered simultaneously.

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Beyond sleep: A multidimensional model of chronotype

Cited by 27 publications

References 235 publications

Pineal Abnormalities in Psychosis and Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review

Pineal Abnormalities in Psychosis and Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review

Fibroblasts as an in vitro model of circadian genetic and genomic studies: A temporal analysis

Physiological Rhythms and Biological Variation of Biomolecules: The Road to Personalized Laboratory Medicine

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