BFBR: A Novel Bird Flocking Behavior Based Routing for Highly Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Srinivasan, T.; Babu, T. Niranjan; Mahadevan, Venkatesh; Nivedita, M.; Sahitya, G.; Meyyappan, A.; Sahana, J.V.

doi:10.1109/cimca.2006.59

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Figure 1 shows bird flocking model as proposed in [3]. Bird flocking concept served to propose solutions for optimization problems, such as in [4] for routing in mobile ad-hoc networks and in [5] to control congestion in wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this paper, we propose a congestion control approach for CoAP/RPL/ 6LoWPAN networks, based on bird flocking.…”

Section: Bird Flocking Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bird Flocking Congestion Control for CoAP/RPL/6LoWPAN Networks

Hellaoui

Koudil

2015

Proceedings of the 2015 Workshop on IoT Challenges in Mobile and Industrial Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a congestion control solution for CoAP/ RPL/6LoWPAN networks. CoAP/RPL/6LoWPAN has been considered as one of the most appropriate protocol stack for industrial applications of the Internet of Things (IoT). Since IoT nodes may have constrained resources, mechanisms used to control congestion must operate effectively with minimal consumption. In this paper, a method for congestion control in an IoT environment governed by the CoAP/RPL/6LoWPAN protocol stack is proposed. Our solution is based on the concept of bird flocking to guide packets in order to avoid congestion. Simulation shows that our proposal guarantees better results compared to congestion control mechanisms of the protocol stack in terms of data latency, packet loss ratio and packet delivery ratio.

show abstract

Section: Bird Flocking Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bird Flocking Congestion Control for CoAP/RPL/6LoWPAN Networks

Hellaoui

Koudil

2015

Proceedings of the 2015 Workshop on IoT Challenges in Mobile and Industrial Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…its capability of self-organization, robustness, adaptation, selfhealing, and local decision making, are the main requirements needed by wireless networks' routing protocols. For this purpose, many routing protocols, e.g., [7,17], have followed in their design the same behavior followed by many biological systems like ants and bees colonies. In BMR, the network is divided into flocks or regions and the traffic of each flock is migrated toward the least congested gateway.…”

Section: Multi-level Routing: Third Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLEAR: A Cross-Layer Enhanced and Adaptive Routing Framework for Wireless Mesh Networks

Almashaqbeh

Al‐Karaki

Bataineh

2009

Wireless Pers Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) provide a new and promising solution for broadband Internet services. The distinguishing features and the wide range of WMNs' applications have attracted both academic and industrial communities. Routing protocols play a crucial role in the functionality and the performance of WMNs due to their direct effect on network throughput, connectivity, supported Quality of Service (QoS) levels, etc. In this paper, a cross-layer based routing framework for multi-interface/multi-channel WMNs, called Cross-Layer Enhanced and Adaptive Routing (CLEAR), is proposed. This framework embodies optimal as well as heuristic solutions. The major component of CLEAR is a new bio-inspired routing protocol called Birds' Migration Routing protocol (BMR). BMR adopts a newly developed routing metric called Multi-Level Routing metric (MLR) to efficiently utilize the advantages of both multi-radio/multi-channel WMNs and cross-layer design. We also provide an exact solution based on dynamic programming to solve the optimal routing problem in WMNs. Simulation results show that our framework outperforms other routing schemes in terms of network throughput, end-to-end delay, and interference reduction, in addition to being the closest one to the optimal solution.

show abstract

“…No specific bird directs the movement of flock. Instead, each bird takes its cue to turn in one direction or another from those immediately surrounding it [29]. [29]: BFBR This paper is motivated by a simple observation that the nodes share the encounter history with neighbours, like birds share the velocity and direction information when moving as a flock.…”

Section: A Understanding Bird Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, each bird takes its cue to turn in one direction or another from those immediately surrounding it [29]. [29]: BFBR This paper is motivated by a simple observation that the nodes share the encounter history with neighbours, like birds share the velocity and direction information when moving as a flock. In this paper, a new approach to reduce the cost of route discovery, which can benefit both pure on-demand and hybrid routing protocol, is proposed.…”

Section: A Understanding Bird Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is achieved by relying on encounter ages with the destination to steer a flood-based search in the general direction of that destination. This reduces the number of nodes and packet transmissions necessary to find the destination, as shown in the figure (4) [29]. Figure 4: Area covered by route discovery floods between source S and destination D. The light grey surface roughly covers the nodes that would beflooded in an omni-directional search.…”

Section: A Understanding Bird Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A survey of nature inspired routing algorithms for MANETs

Jha

Khetarpal

Sharma

2011

2011 3rd International Conference on Electronics Computer Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A mobile ad hoc network MANET is an autonomous collection of mobile users nodes that communicate over wireless links. Research interest in MANETs has been growing, and particularly the design of MANET routing protocols has gained a lot of significance. But constantly changing network topology, limited bandwidth and energy issues make the task of routing in MANETs a challenging one. Recently a new class of routing algorithms based on swarm intelligence has emerged. These algorithms are inspired from nature's self-organizing systems such as ant colonies, bird flocks and fish schools. The general characteristics of these biological systems which include their capability of self-organization, robustness, adaptation, self healing, and local decision making, make them a suitable source of inspiration for routing in MANETs. In this paper we provide a comprehensive overview of the nature inspired routing algorithms for mobile adhoc networks and compare them and also bring out their main merits and demerits.

show abstract

BFBR: A Novel Bird Flocking Behavior Based Routing for Highly Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Bird Flocking Congestion Control for CoAP/RPL/6LoWPAN Networks

Bird Flocking Congestion Control for CoAP/RPL/6LoWPAN Networks

CLEAR: A Cross-Layer Enhanced and Adaptive Routing Framework for Wireless Mesh Networks

A survey of nature inspired routing algorithms for MANETs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About