bFGF‐loaded HA‐chitosan: A promising scaffold for periodontal tissue engineering

Abstract

A scaffold containing growth factors promoting regeneration may be a useful device to maintain periodontal regeneration when applied with appropriate cells. The aim of this study is to evaluate the convenience of chitosan and hydroxyapatite (HA)-chitosan scaffolds loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for periodontal tissue engineering applications. Scaffolds were fabricated by freeze-drying technique using 2 and 3% chitosan gel in the absence or presence of HA particles. Addition of HA beads to chitosan gels produced a novel scaffold in which the pore sizes and interconnectivity were preserved. The scaffolds were loaded with 100 ng bFGF by embedding technique. HA-chitosan scaffolds provide better controlled release kinetics for bFGF compared with chitosan scaffolds and total release continued up to 168 h. Cell culture studies were carried out with periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and cementoblasts. Both 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and confocal laser scanning microscope analysis revealed cells proliferating inside the scaffolds. The results demonstrated that bFGF-loaded HA-chitosan scaffolds provide a suitable three-dimensional environment supporting the cellular structure, proliferation, and mineralization.

Sustained Release of 17β-Estradiol Stimulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds

“…An increase in the activity of ALP is an indication of enhanced osteoblastic function. With increasing incubation times, the ALP secretion of osteoblasts decreases [Akman et al, 2010;Çetin et al, 2012]. In our study, for all groups, the ALP activity increased rapidly and reached a stationary phase after 2 weeks; however, cells cultured on chitosan-HA-Np scaffolds showed a significantly higher ALP activity.…”

Image-Based, Fiber Guiding Scaffolds: A Platform for Regenerating Tissue Interfaces

“…There are limited studies for multiple tissue regeneration and interfacial tissue integration for functional constructs of neogenic complexes such as ligament bone or cartilage bone. 5,6,25,44 In recent studies, multi-phasic scaffolds or physical gradient constructs have been investigated as vehicles for facilitating multiple tissue formation within a single system, 7,8 as well as bioactive molecule-induced tissue morphogenesis. 9 Various in vitro approaches emphasize the strong potential of geometric control for tissue regeneration and morphogenesis with diverse types of cells.…”

Concentration- and time-dependent response of human gingival fibroblasts to fibroblast growth factor 2 immobilized on titanium dental implants

“…36,37 FGF2 can be immobilized on to Ti surface 24 and hydroxyapatite-chitosan scaffolds. 38 The immobilization procedure used in this study as well as the chemical inertness and stability of TiO 2 ensure that there is very little possibility for the FGF2 to react with the TiO 2 NT array. Besides, using a TiO 2 nanotubular surface for long-term drug elution is feasible due to its multitubular-like structure and ability to trap relatively small amounts of drug.…”