Bhaskara's Arithmetic Operation of Division by Zero with Application in the Foundation of the Differential Calculus

Abstract

This article is concerned mainly with Bhaskara's arithmetic operation of division by zero. This is the simplest of all for teaching analysis and is the most consistent and philosophical. Some mathematicians have attempted to impugn it, but when I examined their reasonings, I observed that they have done so because they have failed to comprehend the true behavior of zero. In this article I have aimed to clarify and justify Bhaskara's law of impending operations involving zero and furnish hints at the foundations upon which the arithmetic operation of division by zero rests its claims to be preferred to its fashionable rivals, the methods of innitesimals and limits.