Bi-layer photovoltaic devices with PPQ as the electron acceptor layer

Kymakis, Emmanuel; Koudoumas, E.; Franghiadakis, I

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2005.09.006

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The energies of the LUMO and HOMO levels for the P 3 OT are 2.85 and 5.25 eV, while the P 3 HT energies are 3.53 and 5.2 eV. The PPQ is characterized by a LUMO level at 3.6 eV and a HOMO level at 6.8 eV [3,15]. The work functions of Al and ITO electrodes are about 4.3 and 4.7 eV, respectively [3].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PPQ is characterized by a LUMO level at 3.6 eV and a HOMO level at 6.8 eV [3,15]. The work functions of Al and ITO electrodes are about 4.3 and 4.7 eV, respectively [3]. The device working mechanisms is straightforward.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PPQ is almost insoluble in toluene, therefore spinning the PPQ solution as last layer the heterostructure is easily realized [3]. The best results have been obtained by drying in Argon atmosphere at 70 8C for 1 h the first layer before spinning the second one.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electron-acceptor layer generates a path for electrons and a barrier for the holes transport [1]. Usually charge transfer occurs only in about 10% of the thickness of the contacting donor and acceptor layers, therefore the conversion efficiency of these devices is quite low [2][3][4]. Improvement of the conversion efficiency has been achieved with nanostructured materials embedded in the active layers [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“…95,96 . Some attempts to use acceptor polymer films in bilayer photovoltaic devices, but without significant success, have been done 97 .…”

Section: From the Bilayer To The Multiple Heterojunctions Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Photovoltaic Cells: History, Principle and Techniques

Bérnède

2008

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

147

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In this review we present an overview of the different organic solar cells families. After recalling shortly the specificities of organic materials, the band structure, the electronic properties and the charge separation process in organic materials are shortly described. Then the new organic solar cell concepts are presented. Plastic organic solar cells consist either of two organic layers or a homogeneous mixture of two organic materials. One of them -either an organic dye or a semiconducting polymer -donates the electrons. The other component serves as the electron acceptor. Principles of these multi-layers and bulk heterojunctions are presented and discussed. Then some typical examples are presented, showing the fast evolution of the cells performances. Finally, a specific attention is devoted to the interfaces electrodes/organics. Indeed recent results show that, at least in the case of multi-layers cells, the introduction of thin buffer layers at the interfaces cathode/organic acceptor and/or anode/organic donor, can strongly improve the efficiency of the organic solar cells. About the interface organic acceptor/cathode, we report the influence of an exciton-blocking layer and/or an Al 2 O 3 thin layer on the efficiency of CuPc/C 60 based photovoltaic cells. The presence, or not, of a thin Al 2 O 3 layer depends on the encapsulating process of the devices. In the case of glass/ITO/CuPc/C 60 /Al cells, the presence of an Al 2 O 3 thin layer at the interface "organic acceptor/aluminium" increases strongly the open circuit voltage of the cells but decreases slightly their short circuit current and fill factor. In the case of glass/ITO/CuPc/C 60 /Alq 3 /Al cells, the open circuit voltage is systematically higher than without Alq 3 . However, in that case, the presence of Al 2 O 3 does not improve significantly the cell performances. All these results are discussed in terms of series and shunt resistance values related to possible oxygen contamination and organic covalent action with the Al films. The effectiveness of these different phenomena depends on the presence, or not, of Alq 3 and/or Al 2 O 3 layers.About the interface anode/organic donor, it is shown that an ultra thin metallic film improves significantly the short circuit current and the cell performances. The anode in plastic solar cells, which is a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), is usually an indium tin oxide film (ITO). Indeed, when a ZnO anode is used, cells performances are far from those achieved with ITO. However, strong improvement of the cells efficiency is encountered when an ultra thin buffer layer is introduced between the ZnO and the organic film. The presence of this ultra thin buffer layer at the surface of the TCO allows decreasing the performance difference between the cells using ITO and those using ZnO. More generally such ultra thin buffer layer improves the solar cells performances.

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Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 47)

Shalav

2006

Progress in Photovoltaics

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Bi-layer photovoltaic devices with PPQ as the electron acceptor layer

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Polymer heterostructures with embedded carbon nanotubes for efficient photovoltaic cells

Polymer heterostructures with embedded carbon nanotubes for efficient photovoltaic cells

Organic Photovoltaic Cells: History, Principle and Techniques

Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 47)

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