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The interplay between functional food nutrients and neurosteroids has garnered significant attention for its potential to enhance stress resilience in health and/or disease. Several bioactive nutrients, including medicinal herbs, flavonoids, and bioavailable polyphenol-combined nanoparticles, as well as probiotics, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids, have been shown to improve blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, endogenous neurosteroid homeostasis and brain function. These nutrients can inhibit oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are linked to the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders. Interestingly, flavonoids exhibit dose-dependent effects, activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway at the physiological/low dose (neurohormesis). This leads to the upregulation of antioxidant phase II genes and proteins such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and sirtuin-1 (Sirt1), which are activated by curcumin and resveratrol, respectively. These adaptive neuronal response mechanisms help protect against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neurotoxicity. Impaired Nrf2 and neurosteroid hormone signaling in the brain can exacerbate selective vulnerability to neuroinflammatory conditions, contributing to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety and depression and other neurological disorders, due to the vulnerability of neurons to stress. This review focuses on functional food nutrients targeting Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and redox resilience genes to regulate the neurosteroid homeostasis and BBB damage associated with altered GABAergic neurotransmission. By exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms using innovative technologies, we aim to develop promising neuroprotective strategies and personalized nutritional and neuroregenerative therapies to prevent or attenuate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, ultimately promoting brain health.
The interplay between functional food nutrients and neurosteroids has garnered significant attention for its potential to enhance stress resilience in health and/or disease. Several bioactive nutrients, including medicinal herbs, flavonoids, and bioavailable polyphenol-combined nanoparticles, as well as probiotics, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids, have been shown to improve blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, endogenous neurosteroid homeostasis and brain function. These nutrients can inhibit oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are linked to the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders. Interestingly, flavonoids exhibit dose-dependent effects, activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway at the physiological/low dose (neurohormesis). This leads to the upregulation of antioxidant phase II genes and proteins such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and sirtuin-1 (Sirt1), which are activated by curcumin and resveratrol, respectively. These adaptive neuronal response mechanisms help protect against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neurotoxicity. Impaired Nrf2 and neurosteroid hormone signaling in the brain can exacerbate selective vulnerability to neuroinflammatory conditions, contributing to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety and depression and other neurological disorders, due to the vulnerability of neurons to stress. This review focuses on functional food nutrients targeting Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and redox resilience genes to regulate the neurosteroid homeostasis and BBB damage associated with altered GABAergic neurotransmission. By exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms using innovative technologies, we aim to develop promising neuroprotective strategies and personalized nutritional and neuroregenerative therapies to prevent or attenuate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, ultimately promoting brain health.
Objective: Dendritic cell-cytokine induced killers (DC-CIK) immunotherapy involves co-culturing dendritic cells (DCs) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells to generate activated immune cells for reinfusion into patients, directly killing tumor cells while enhancing the body's immune response, aiming to inhibit tumor growth and recurrence. Here, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of DC-CIK immunotherapy, to provide insights into the current state of DC-CIK therapy research and guide future directions in this promising immunotherapeutic approach. Methods: Data were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) using the search terms "Dendritic cell-cytokine induced killers cell therapy" and "Immune cell therapy" for the period from 1997 to 2024. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer to examine publication trends, citation networks, thematic focuses, and global collaboration networks. Results: The number of publications on DC-CIK therapy has shown a significant increase over the years, peaking in 2014 and fluctuating since then. China leads in the number of publications, followed by the United States. Sun Yat-sen University is the most prolific institution, and Ying Mu and Anqi Zhang are the most productive authors. Frontiers in immunology is the most productive journal, publishing 15 papers on DC-CIK therapy. Keyword analysis revealed a focus on cancer biology, immune modulation, and therapeutic strategies, with a particular emphasis on co-culture techniques, cytokines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and genetic engineering. Conclusion: DC-CIK therapy represents a significant advancement in cancer treatment, integrating the unique properties of DCs and CIK cells to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Despite its promise, challenges remain in optimizing clinical efficacy and addressing translational hurdles. Future research should focus on refining co-culture strategies, improving therapeutic outcomes, and ensuring the safe and accessible application of DC-CIK therapy in clinical settings.
Objectives: This article was designed to deeply analyze the research status and frontier trend of spinal cord injury (SCI), so as to accurately understand the development stage and characteristics of SCI research. Methods: By entering keywords to download literature, and applying bibliometric analysis software, and website, we find and analyze articles related to SCI from 1906 to 2024 on Web of Science, then deciphering the annual trends, countries or regions, institutions, and authors in SCI field. Results: The study found that the United States is the most productive country, which started its researches early and published articles far beyond other countries. The most powerful institution is University of Kentucky. The Journal of Research is in the leading place from journal analysis. Whereas, in terms of journal, Liu, J. is the most productive author who published 58 papers. Conclusions: Therefore, in the field of SCI, other countries need to make efforts to keep up with the United States, and try to innovate and broaden the scope of their studies. This article systematically reviews the trend and hotspot of SCI-related studies, therefore offering valuable insights for future studies.
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