BICEP Array: 150 GHz Detector Module Development

Schillaci, Alessandro; Ade, P. A. R.; Ahmed, Z.; Amiri, M.; Barkats, D.; Basu Thakur, R.; Bischoff, C. A.; Beck, D.; Bock, J. J.; Buza, V.; Cheshire, J.; Connors, J.; Cornelison, J.; Crumrine, M.; Cukierman, A.; Denison, E.; Dierickx, M.; Duband, L.; Eiben, M.; Fatigoni, S.; Filippini, J. P.; Giannakopoulos, C.; Goeckner-Wald, N.; Goldfinger, D.; Grayson, J. A.; Grimes, P.; Hall, G.; Halal, G.; Halpern, M.; Hand, E.; Harrison, S.; Henderson, S.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; Hui, H.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karkare, K. S.; Kefeli, S.; Kovac, J. M.; Kuo, C. L.; Lau, K.; Leitch, E. M.; Lennox, A.; Megerian, K. G.; Miller, O. Y.; Minutolo, L.; Moncelsi, L.; Nakato, Y.; Namikawa, T.; Nguyen, H. T.; O’Brient, R.; Palladino, S.; Petroff, M.; Precup, N.; Prouve, T.; Pryke, C.; Racine, B.; Reintsema, C. D.; Schmitt, B. L.; Singari, B.; Soliman, A.; Germaine, T. St.; Steinbach, B.; Sudiwala, R. V.; Thompson, K. L.; Tucker, C.; Turner, A. D.; Umiltà, C.; Verges, C.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wandui, A.; Weber, A. C.; Wiebe, D. V.; Willmert, J.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yang, E.; Yoon, K. W.; Young, E.; Yu, C.; Zeng, L.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, S.

doi:10.1007/s10909-023-03005-w

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The entire detector module comprises the quartz antireflection wafer, silicon detector array, niobium backshort, amumetal 4k magnetic shielding, and readout printed circuit board cards, all enclosed in a compact niobium frame. Additional information on the focal plane engineering, measurements, and hybridization can be found in other publications (Schillaci et al 2023;Soliman 2023).…”

Section: Overview Of Detector Wafermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Performance of a 30/40 GHz Diplexed Focal Plane for the BICEP Array

Shiu,

Soliman,

O’Brient

et al. 2024

ApJS

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We demonstrate a wideband diplexed focal plane suitable for observing low-frequency foregrounds that are important for cosmic microwave background polarimetry. The antenna elements are composed of slotted bowtie antennas with 60% bandwidth that can be partitioned into two bands. Each pixel is composed of two interleaved 12 × 12 pairs of linearly polarized antenna elements forming a phased array, designed to synthesize a symmetric beam with no need for focusing optics. The signal from each antenna element is captured in-phase and uniformly weighted by a microstrip summing tree. The antenna signal is diplexed into two bands through the use of two complementary, six-pole Butterworth filters. This filter architecture ensures a contiguous impedance match at all frequencies, and thereby achieves minimal reflection loss between both bands. Subsequently, out-of-band rejection is increased with a bandpass filter and the signal is then deposited on a transition-edge sensor bolometer island. We demonstrate the performance of this focal plane with two distinct bands, 30 and 40 GHz, each with a bandwidth of ∼20 and 15 GHz, respectively. The unequal bandwidths between the two bands are caused by an unintentional shift in diplexer frequency from its design values. The end-to-end optical efficiency of these detectors is relatively modest, at 20%–30%, with an efficiency loss due to an unknown impedance mismatch in the summing tree. Far-field beam maps show good optical characteristics, with edge pixels having no more than ∼5% ellipticity and ∼10%–15% peak-to-peak differences for A–B polarization pairs.

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Section: Overview Of Detector Wafermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Performance of a 30/40 GHz Diplexed Focal Plane for the BICEP Array

Shiu,

Soliman,

O’Brient

et al. 2024

ApJS

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“…The two BA high frequency receivers, observing at 150GHz and 220/270GHz, share the same detector count and detector distribution on a tile, which is a 18x18 pixel tile, for a total of 324 pixels, or 648 detectors. Detector tiles are included into a modular architecture which is shared in between all the BA receivers ( [3]). Each module hosts SQUID chips for multiplexing, which interface with the detector tile through an interface PCB, to which they are individually wirebonded.…”

Section: Detector Modulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results and Limits of Time Division Multiplexing for the BICEP Array High Frequency Receivers

Fatigoni,

Ade,

Zeeshan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Time-Division Multiplexing is the readout architecture of choice for many groundand space experiments, as it is a very mature technology with proven outstandinglow-frequency noise stability, which represents a central challenge in multiplex-ing. Once fully populated, each of the two BICEP Array high frequency receivers,observing at 150GHz and 220/270GHz, will have 7776 TES detectors tiled on thefocal plane. The constraints set by these two receivers required a redesign of thewarm readout electronics. The new version of the standard Multi Channel Elec-tronics, developed and built at the University of British Columbia, is presentedhere for the first time. BICEP Array operates Time Division Multiplexing readouttechnology to the limits of its capabilities in terms of multiplexing rate, noise andcrosstalk, and applies them in rigorously demanding scientific application requir-ing extreme noise performance and systematic error control. Future experimentslike CMB-S4 plan to use TES bolometers with Time Division/SQUID-basedreadout for an even larger number of detectors.

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