“…In their respective studies, Muhammad Sohail Khan et al [ 55 ], Kotha Gangadhar et al [ 56 ], and Dhanekula Naga Bhargavi et al [ 57 ] discovered that hybrid nanofluids outperform single-based nanofluids in terms of enhancing mass and thermal transfer in convection concerns. Several authors [ [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] ] conducted numerical examinations of bio-convection fluid flow problems on various geometries with different boundary conditions. Multiple researchers [ [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] ] conducted numerical investigations.…”