Bicycle Helmet Wearing in Children: A Seven-Year, Observational Study in Broward County, Florida

Delamater, Alan M.; Patino, Anna Maria

doi:10.1207/s15326888chc3204_4

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…26 The largest effect sizes are observed in studies with lower baseline helmet use, 15 26 28 and in those where helmet laws apply to all ages in the community. 21 25 31 33 In this review, we were unable to identify any negative relationship between legislation and bicycle helmet use; however, one must wonder if this is a true effect or a consequence of publication bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[34][35][36] When helmet laws come into effect, high income communities demonstrate lower effect estimates. 34 Regarding community incentives, Table 4 Promotional activities and enforcement employed in addition to helmet legislation for locations of included studies Cote, 1992Cameron, 1994Ni, 1997Foss, 2000Kanny, 2001 LeBlanc, 2002 Thomas, 2002Delamater, 2003Liller, 2003Parkin, 2003Hagel, 2005Povey, 2005 Promotional activity before legislation Helmet price discount 2 3, Response received (affirmative); 2, response received (''not used''); +, used data available in the paper; ?, response unavailable and unclear in the manuscript.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies used nonequivalent control groups, 15 27 and 10 were interrupted time series or pre-post observational studies. 16 21 25 26 28-33 While four included studies involved children of school age exclusively, [26][27][28][29] eight included all riding ages. 15 16 21 25 30-33 Among the 12 studies, various cyclist factors were recorded including: age (11), gender (10), location (8), time of day (7), racial characteristics (3), bicycle type (2), backpack use (2), accompaniment (2), and type of road (1) (table 2).…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33 Three studies had ,1 year follow up, 15 16 30 six studies had 2-3 years follow up, 21 25 27 29 28 32 and three studies had four or more years of follow up. 26 31 33 Two surveys 26 27 obtained information only from observational sites in elementary and middle schools, but others collected data from sites everywhere in the communities. 15 16 21 25 28-33 Almost all studies used trained observers to collect data in pre-defined sites except one 27 which used questionnaires completed by school personnel.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation to increase helmet use: a systematic review

Karkhaneh

Kalenga²,

Hagel³

et al. 2006

Inj Prev

137

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Background: Head injuries related to bicycle use are common and can be serious. They can be prevented or reduced in severity with helmet use; however, education has resulted in modest helmet use in most developed countries. Helmet legislation has been proposed as a method to increase helmet wearing; while this social intervention is thought to be effective, no systematic review has been performed. Objectives: This review evaluates the scientific evidence for helmet use following legislation to identify the effectiveness of legislative interventions to increase bicycle helmet use among all age groups. Search strategy: Comprehensive searches of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, British Education Index, LILACS Database, TRIS (Transport Research Information Service), the grey literature, reference lists, and communication with authors was performed to identify eligible studies. Selection criteria: Eligible studies for this review were community based investigations including cohort studies, controlled before-after studies, interrupted time series studies, non-equivalent control group studies Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers extracted the data regarding the percentage of helmet use before and after legislation from each study. Individual and pooled odds ratios were calculated along with 95% confidence intervals. Main results: Out of 86 prescreened articles, 25 were potentially relevant to the topic and 11 were finally included in the review. Of 11 studies, eight were published articles, two were published reports, and one was an unpublished article. One additional survey was incorporated following personal communication with the author. While the baseline rate of helmet use among these studies varied between 4% and 59%, after legislation this range changed to 37% and 91%. Helmet wearing proportions increased less than 10% in one study, 10-30% in four studies, and more than 30% in seven studies. While the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation varied (n = 11 studies; OR range: 1.2-22), all studies demonstrated higher proportions of helmet use following legislation, particularly when the law was targeted to a specific age group. Conclusions: Legislation increased helmet use among cyclists, particularly younger age groups and those with low pre-intervention helmet wearing proportions. These results support legislative interventions in populations without helmet legislation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation to increase helmet use: a systematic review

Karkhaneh

Kalenga²,

Hagel³

et al. 2006

Inj Prev

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A review of twelve studies from different countries showed that the baseline rates of motorcycle helmet use in different studies range between 4 to 59 percent; however after legislation, this range changed to between 37 to 91 percent (Karkhaneh et al 2006). Researchers have investigated the long-term effects (2 to 11 years) of helmet legislation as compared to short-term ones (less than one year; Cameron et al 1994;Delamater and Patino 2003;Hagel et al 2005;Kanny et al 2001;Leblanc et al 2002;Liller et al 2003) and they have shown that between 10 and 40 percent remained unchanged after the legislation for both motorcyclists and bicyclists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Road Traffic Injuries in Iran: The Role of Interventions Implemented by Traffic Police

Soori

Royanian²,

Zali

et al. 2009

Traffic Injury Prevention

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Bicycle Helmet Statutes: An Analysis of State Legislation

Egberts

Connaughton

Spengler

2013

Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport

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Bicycling is a popular activity; however, like all physical activities, participants are exposed to some risk. While many bicycle-related injuries are not lifethreatening, head injuries are fairly common. A bicycle helmet is the single most effective method to reduce head injuries and related fatalities, however, overall use remains low. To address the lack of helmet use, especially among children, legislation has been implemented in a number of states. The purpose of this study was to analyze bicycle helmet statutes in states that had such legislation. A keyword search designed to identify bicycle helmet legislation for all 50 states was conducted by utilizing the LEXIS/NEXIS database. Statutes were analyzed and, based upon the information contained within, placed into a descriptive table by categories. Many of the statutes analyzed have similarities, however, notable differences exist. Comprehensive statutory information is provided in addition to a discussion of categorized results.

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Bicycle Helmet Wearing in Children: A Seven-Year, Observational Study in Broward County, Florida

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation to increase helmet use: a systematic review

Effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation to increase helmet use: a systematic review

Road Traffic Injuries in Iran: The Role of Interventions Implemented by Traffic Police

Bicycle Helmet Statutes: An Analysis of State Legislation

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