Bidentate organochalcogen ligands (N, E; E = S/Se) as stabilizers for recyclable palladium nanoparticles and their application in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions

Catalytically active nanosized Pd9Te4(telluropalladinite) and PdTe (kotulskite) alloys: first precursor-architecture controlled synthesis using palladium complexes of organotellurium compounds as single source precursors

“…The number of catalytic systems in general and nanocatalytic systems in particular, which are competent to catalyze the coupling of aryl chlorides, is not very high. [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] In fact, aryl chlorides are the least reactive substrates, and most of the catalytic systems either show inactivity for these substrates or show very low efficiency. Many of the reported palladium based nanocatalytic systems require longer reaction times (Table 4, (Table 4, entry 1-4, 15).…”

“…62 In the recent past, organosulphur and organoselenium compounds have been used as stabilizers to obtain uniformly dispersed catalytically active nanoparticles of palladium(0) for Suzuki coupling. [58][59][60] On assessing their performance on various parameters (such as reaction time, catalyst loading and % conversions), it becomes clear that these are less efficient [58][59][60] than the present nanocatalytic systems (i.e. Pd 9 Te 4 and PdTe).…”

“…The Pd(0) nanoparticles (stabilized with bulky organosulphur ligand) catalyze the coupling of chlorobenzene with phenylboronic acid and give much lesser conversion ($45%) at 100 C (Table 4, entry 7). 58 In another similar study, Pd(0) nanoparticles (stabilized by anthracene based-organosulphur ligand) have been used to catalyse the coupling of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (not (Table 4, entry 10). 60 Hence, it is inferred that the present palladium telluride alloys have appreciably signicant catalytic potential for catalysis of Suzuki coupling of aryl chlorides, the most difficult and unreactive substrates among aryl halides, and also have an edge over the many of the reported catalytic systems either in terms of reaction time, the % conversion or recyclability.…”

Organoselenium ligands for heterogeneous and nanocatalytic systems: development and applications

“…66 Organoselenium ligands have been utilized in the design of nanocatalysts using two different approaches. In some cases, they have been used as stabilizers of transition metal nanoparticles [38][39][40] due to the good binding affinity of the Se donor groups with transition metals. However, in a large number of cases such ligands have been used as building blocks for metal complexes which function as single source precursors for nanosized metal selenides.…”

A Self-Assembling NHC-Pd-Loaded Calixarene as a Potent Catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction in Water

“…Aqueous Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions are particularly promising due to the water tolerance of boronic acids compared with the organometallic reagents required for other cross-coupling protocols. As a consequence, the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction has been widely developed under homogenous or heterogenous catalytic conditions in water media and a large array of different ligands and palladium complexes including micellar catalysis conditions nanoparticulate formulations have been designed to increase efficiency under aqueous conditions [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The water and functional group tolerance of the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction culminated in the cross-coupling of iodoarylated proteins under physiological conditions opening the way to a realm of chemical-biology applications [17][18][19][20].…”