Bidirectional rotating direct-current triboelectric nanogenerator with self-adaptive mechanical switching for harvesting reciprocating motion

Abstract

Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as novel energy-harvesting devices, several studies have focused on direct current (DC) TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic devices. However, owing to the working mechanisms of conventional DC TENGs, generating a stable DC output from reciprocating motion remains a challenge. Accordingly, we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG (BiR-TENG), which can generate DC outputs, regardless of the direction of rotation, from reciprocating motions. The distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the mechanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC output. Furthermore, it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational direction. Owing to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optimizations, the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC output. Applications of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating motions of swinging doors and waves were demonstrated by harnessing this output. This study demonstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from reciprocating motions, highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices.

Recent advances in nature inspired triboelectric nanogenerators for self-powered systems

“…This innovative approach has opened new vistas for self-powered systems and sustainable energy solutions, addressing the growing demand for clean and renewable energy sources [7][8][9]. Despite their significant advancements, TENG research confronts several challenges that hinder their broader application and efficiency [10][11][12][13]. These challenges include the optimization of material properties to enhance triboelectric effects, the scalability of TENG devices for largescale energy production, and the improvement of energy conversion efficiency under variable operational conditions [14][15][16][17].…”