Bienzyme HRP–GOx-modified gold nanoelectrodes for the sensitive amperometric detection of glucose at low overpotentials

Delvaux, Marc; Walcarius, Alain; Demoustier‐Champagne, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2004.07.017

Cited by 82 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…NEEs are useful electrochemical tools for biosensors development [40,41], for the measurement of (high) charge transfer rate constants [35] and for solving adsorption related problems [36]. With respect to the latter issue, it was shown that operating in very diluted solutions of the analytes (thanks to the very low detection limits achievable at NEEs) it was possible to obtain diffusion-controlled responses even for molecules such as some phenothiazines [35] or redox proteins such as cytochrome c [36], which can adsorb on electrode surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Pereira

Moretto

Leo

et al. 2006

Analytica Chimica Acta

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A procedure for the standardization of ensembles of gold nanodisk electrodes (NEE) of 30 nm diameter is presented, which is based on the analytical comparison between experimental cyclic voltammograms (CV) obtained at the NEEs in diluted solutions of redox probes and CV patterns obtained by digital simulation. Possible origins of defects sometimes found in NEEs are discussed. Selected NEEs are then employed for the study of the electrochemical oxidation of iodide in acidic solutions. CV patterns display typical quasi-reversible behavior which involves associated chemical reactions between adsorbed and solution species. The main CV characteristics at the NEE compare with those observed at millimeter sized gold disk electrodes (Au-macro), apart a slight shift in E 1/2 values and slightly higher peak to peak separation at the NEE. The detection limit (DL) at NEEs is 0.3 M, which is more than one order of magnitude lower than DL at the Au-macro (4 M). The mechanism of the electrochemical oxidation of iodide at NEEs is discussed. Finally, NEEs are applied to the direct determination of iodide at micromolar concentration levels in real samples, namely in some ophthalmic drugs and iodized table salt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Pereira

Moretto

Leo

et al. 2006

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…In typical schemes used for electrochemical biosensors, a biorecognition layer is immobilized directly on the electrode surface and the signal is produced by exchange of electrons with the underlying electrode; this was applied also to arrays of nanoelectrodes (Lin et al, 2004;Li et al, 2003;Lapierre-Devlin et al, 2005;Delvaux et al, 2005). However, for extremely miniaturized electrodes, such as NEEs, the amount of biomolecule immobilized on the nanoelectrodes can be too small to furnish useful signals (De Leo et al, 2007a).…”

Section: E-mail Address: Ugo@univeit (P Ugo)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoelectrode ensembles as recognition platform for electrochemical immunosensors

Mucelli

Zamuner

Tormen

et al. 2008

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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a b s t r a c tIn this study we demonstrate the possibility to prepare highly sensitive nanostructured electrochemical immunosensors by immobilizing biorecognition elements on nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs) prepared in track-etch polycarbonate membranes. The gold nanodisk electrodes act as electrochemical transducers while the surrounding polycarbonate binds the antibody-based biorecognition layer. The interaction between target protein and antibody is detected by suitable secondary antibodies labelled with a redox enzyme. A redox mediator, added to the sample solution, shuttles electrons from the nanoelectrodes to the biorecognition layer, so generating an electrocatalytic signal. This allows one to fully exploit the highly improved signal-to-background current ratio, typical of NEEs. In particular, the receptor protein HER2 was studied as the target analyte. HER2 detection allows the identification of breast cancer that can be treated with the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab. NEEs were functionalized with trastuzumab which interacts specifically with HER2. The biorecognition process was completed by adding a primary antibody and a secondary antibody labelled with horseradish peroxidase. Hydrogen peroxide was added to modulate the label electroactivity; methylene blue was the redox mediator generating voltammetric signals. NEEs functionalized with trastuzumab were tested to detect small amounts of HER2 in diluted cell lysates and tumour lysates.

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“…In the particular example considered both criteria can be consistently satisfied. It is hoped that the developed ideas will stimulate additional research on bi-enzyme [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]39,[41][42][43] and other systems [44][45][46] with similar response characteristics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This offers a novel alternative to possible more phenomenological approaches mentioned later, in the concluding discussion, with the advantage that here we work directly with the parameters that can be controlled to adjust the system behavior, such as the enzyme concentrations. Several studies of bi-enzymatic systems have been reported over the years, [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and therefore initiation of a kinetic modeling approach to their performance design and optimization is timely and will hopefully lead to further research in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, biomolecules, specifically, enzymes, have activity typically varying from batch to batch and over the lifetime of the system exploitation in applications, such as biosensing. Linear response has been a sought after property [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] because it offers a convenient way to recalibrate the system by a single or few measurements. We consider an approach to achieve extended linear response by utilizing a combined function of more than a single enzyme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended Linear Response for Bioanalytical Applications Using Multiple Enzymes

2013

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We develop a framework for optimizing a novel approach to extending the linear range of bioanalytical systems and biosensors by utilizing two enzymes with different kinetic responses to the input chemical as their substrate. Data for the flow-injection amperometric system devised for detection of lysine based on the function of L-Lysine-alpha-Oxidase and Lysine-2-monooxygenase are analyzed. Lysine is a homotropic substrate for the latter enzyme. We elucidate the mechanism for extending the linear response range and develop optimization techniques for future applications of such systems.

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Bienzyme HRP–GOx-modified gold nanoelectrodes for the sensitive amperometric detection of glucose at low overpotentials

Cited by 82 publications

References 27 publications

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Gold nanoelectrode ensembles for direct trace electroanalysis of iodide

Nanoelectrode ensembles as recognition platform for electrochemical immunosensors

Extended Linear Response for Bioanalytical Applications Using Multiple Enzymes

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