Bifid Medial Rectus Muscle Insertion Associated With Intermittent Distance Exotropia

Chen, Simon; Colley, S; Hundal, K S; Elston, John

doi:10.1001/archopht.123.10.1453

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Developmental anomalies of the EOM, apart from congenital fibrosis, are extremely rare in humans. Only a few case reports describe such anomalies [3]. The exact prevalence is unknown because of its rarity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supernumerary Medial Rectus Muscle of the Orbit

Alghamdi¹,

Khayyat²,

Nazer³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Supernumerary extraocular muscles (EOMs) are relatively rare in humans compared to other species. Therefore, few cases are reported on pediatric patients with strabismus.We describe a case of an incidental intraoperative finding of a right eye accessory medial rectus (MR) muscle in a child with normal ocular motility. This supernumerary muscle was found inserted underneath the original MR muscle and was of a similar size. In this article, we discuss the anomaly and its clinical relevance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supernumerary Medial Rectus Muscle of the Orbit

Alghamdi¹,

Khayyat²,

Nazer³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…However, medial rectus anomalies are rare extraocular muscle conditions. 2 Moreover, although several types of anomalies have been reportedFincluding duplication, hypoplasia, and absenceFaccessory extraocular muscles are very rare. Ozkan et al 3 reported a hypoplastic inferior rectus with an accessory extraocular muscle in association with globe retraction and lambdapattern exodeviation, and a few cases of accessory lateral rectus muscles have been reported.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessory medial rectus muscle in strabismus fixus convergens

Lee

Kim

2009

Eye

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Sir, Accessory medial rectus muscle in strabismus fixus convergensWe present a case of an accessory medial rectus muscle in strabismus fixus convergens. Case reportA 36-year-old man presented with marked esodeviation since childhood. He had undergone no previous ocular surgeries and had no history of trauma. His best-corrected visual acuity was 0.6 in the right eye and 0.5 in the left eye. Krimsky test showed approximately 50 prism dioptres of

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“…Embryologically, it is thought that the horizontal rectus muscles are formed from a contribution of both superior and inferior mesodermal complexes in the orbit. [ 1 ] There are few case reports of congenital anomalies of the rectus muscles, including complete absence of the rectus muscle,[ 2 3 ] bifid insertion,[ 4 ] and insertion into abnormal position. [ 5 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous separation of the medial rectus muscle, abnormal separation into superior and inferior compartment, and surgical management

Alkharashi¹

2020

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology

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We describe a case of an anomalous separation of the medial rectus muscle in an 18-month-old female undergoing strabismus eye muscle surgery for partially accommodative esotropia. During surgery and after hooking the medial rectus muscle, it was noted that the width of the muscle tendon was shorter than usual and that the muscle insertion was displaced inferiorly, this prompt further exploration. It was found that the medial rectus muscle had an anomaly were it was seperated into two (superior and inferior) compartments which were 5 mm apart. This finding may further suggest the compartmentalization theory of the horizontal rectus muscles where the muscle is separated into two nonoverlapping superior and inferior zones, each working independently of the other. In this report, we present the case and suggest surgical technique that can be utilized to address this abnormality, along with the postoperative results.

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Bifid Medial Rectus Muscle Insertion Associated With Intermittent Distance Exotropia

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Supernumerary Medial Rectus Muscle of the Orbit

Supernumerary Medial Rectus Muscle of the Orbit

Accessory medial rectus muscle in strabismus fixus convergens

Anomalous separation of the medial rectus muscle, abnormal separation into superior and inferior compartment, and surgical management

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