Bifidobacteria and its rice fermented products on diet induced obese mice: analysis of physical status, serum profile and gene expressions

Abstract

Obesity is highly correlated with the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, and bifidobacteria are one of the soft targets of this metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Bifidobacterium sp. MKK4 and rice-based fermented foods on physical, haematological, gut microbiota and lypogenic-lypolytic marker genes in diet-induced obese mice. Adult male mice (21±0.7 g) were randomly divided into four groups (n=10) according to the type of diet: normal diet (ND), high fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with Bifidobacterium sp. MKK4 and HFD supplemented with MKK4 associated rice-fermented food. 8 weeks of bacterial therapy in the obese mice resulted in significant reduction of body and organ weights, improved serum levels of glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol, the histological structure of the liver (steatosis), and re-establishment of gut Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides species. The bacterial therapy led to up-regulation of lipolytic transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, PPAR-δ, and their regulated gene products in fatty acid metabolism and glucose uptake, such as acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1, uncoupling protein-3 and glucose transporter-4. Concomitantly, both adipocytogenesis and fatty acid synthesis were arrested as reflected by the down-regulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and tumour necrosis factor alpha genes. The effectiveness of the fermented product was more profound than the single bacterium. These data provide experimental support with regard to the use of Bifidobacterium sp. MKK4 as a natural therapeutic agent to control obesity.

High-Fat Diet Induces Dysbiosis of Gastric Microbiota Prior to Gut Microbiota in Association With Metabolic Disorders in Mice

“…Interestingly, the probiotic bacterium Akkermansia , as mentioned above, decreased in the gut of HFD-fed mice, which was subsequent to the reduction in the stomach, indicating that dysbiosis of gastric microbiota occurred earlier than in the gut after HFD stimulation. Additionally, the low abundance of Bifidobacterium has been reported to be associated with diet induced obesity, and supplementing with this bacterium in obese mice resulted in a significant reduction of body and organ weights, improved serum of levels of glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol ( Cani et al, 2007 ; Ray et al, 2018 ). Besides, Lactobacillus has also been reported to exert an anti-obese effect in diet-induced obesity murine models, and the possible mechanisms may involve the maintenance of the intestinal barrier and protection from chronic inflammation ( Naito et al, 2011 ).…”

Functional Effects of EPS-Producing Bifidobacterium Administration on Energy Metabolic Alterations of Diet-Induced Obese Mice

“…In vivo trials, the decrease of body weight and fat mass and other features associated with obesity such as insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation, steatosis, fatty acids metabolism and gut microbiota changes have been studied. Moreover, the probiotic supplementation has traditionally been performed for relatively long periods of time (between 3 and 18 weeks) (Neyrinck et al, 2016; Bagarolli et al, 2017; Karimi et al, 2017; Ray et al, 2018). Concerning B. animalis species, some recent studies performed in mice fed with a HFD for a long-term period of time have evidenced that the administration of some strains of this species contributed to reduce body fat content, attenuated glucose intolerance and ameliorated metabolic endotoxemia, and adipose and hepatic inflammation (Chen et al, 2012; Stenman et al, 2014; Caimari et al, 2017).…”

Anti‐obesity potentiality of Tapra fish ( Opisthopterus tardoore ) oil

“…Blood samples were collected by puncturing the orbital plexus. Blood samples were centrifuged at 2,500 rpm for 20 min at 4°C and serum was stored at −20°C for biochemical estimation (Ray et al., 2018). For histological examination, the skin sample was initially fixed in formalin (10%, v/v), embedded in paraffin, and sliced following standard protocol.…”

“…6420). Body mass index was measured according to the standard method and the values were expressed as g/cm 2 (Ray et al., 2018).…”