Bifunctional catalytic activity of Zn_1−xFe_xO toward the OER/ORR: seeking an optimal stoichiometry

Abstract

Fe-doped zinc oxide (Zn1-xFexO, x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20; ZnO:Fe) nanoparticles were produced using an eco-friendly and rapid microwave processing of a precipitate and tested as catalysts toward oxygen...

Role of triethanolamine in forming Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 nanoparticles during solvothermal processing for solar cell applications

“…The spectra shown in Figure 9A contained two peaks at 953.16 and 933.57 eV corresponding to Cu2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2 with a peak separation of 19.59 eV, in good agreement with the standard splitting value of 19.9 eV of Cu(I), suggesting that Cu existed in a Cu + oxidation state, which were close to the previous reports 51 . Figure 9B presents the Zn 2p core levels with binding energies of 1042.29 and 1020.07 eV corresponding to the Zn 2p 3/2 and Zn 2p 1/2 levels, with a split orbit of 22.22 eV, which matched the standard splitting value of 23.2 eV, implying that Zn was present in its Zn 2+ oxidation state (II), and the result is in accordance with early reports 52 . Figure 9C shows that Sn3d 5/2 and Sn3d 3/2 peaks appeared at 495.03 and 486.43 eV at a binding energy of 8.69 eV, which was in good agreement with the standard splitting value of Sn (IV).…”

“…51 Figure 9B presents the Zn 2p core levels with binding energies of 1042.29 and 1020.07 eV corresponding to the Zn 2p 3/2 and Zn 2p 1/2 levels, with a split orbit of 22.22 eV, which matched the standard splitting value of 23.2 eV, implying that Zn was present in its Zn 2+ oxidation state (II), and the result is in accordance with early reports. 52 Figure 9C shows that Sn3d 5/2 and Sn3d 3/2 peaks appeared at 495.03 and 486.43 eV at a binding energy of 8.69 eV, which was in good agreement with the standard splitting value of Sn (IV). Figure 9D presents the S 2p core level, with peaks located at 164.84 and 160.74 eV corresponding to 2p 3/2 and 2p 1/2, respectively, with a separation of 4.1 eV.…”

How Cation Substitutions Affect the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on La2−xSrxNi1−yFeyO4

“…The relationships between B‐site disorder and Tafel slope (Figure 7C) and reaction selectivity (Figure 7D) for an extended range leads us to propose that B‐site distortions caused by Fe‐doping changes α by selectively distorting the coordination environments of reaction sites. Such changes in α are not yet fully understood in the literature, but they have been suggested to arise from distortions that alter the symmetry of the potential energy surface for layered double hydroxide electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction, [31–33] and to be controllable through lattice strain manipulation [18,34–36] . The ability to systematically tune the Tafel slope through non‐conventional values by simple compositional substitution identifies this family of materials, especially LaSrNi 1−y Fe y O 4+δ , as a candidate to establish a more robust understanding on the variation of the α parameter in heterogeneous electrocatalysis.…”

Perovskite solar cells: Recent development and perspectives

“…ZnO u odnosu na TiO2 ima veću pokretljivost elektrona i jednostavno se priprema na niskim TEHNIKA -NOVI MATERIJALI 31 (2022) 6 temperaturama. Najveće prednosti ZnO su širok energetski procep na sobnoj temperaturi (3,37 eV), visoka energija veze ekscitona (60 meV), velika pokretljivost elektrona i efikasnost transporta (115155 cm 2 V -1 s -1 ), unutrašnja stabilnost, netoksičnost, ekološka kompatibilnost, kao i jednostavna i pristupačna sinteza materijala [51]. Kao materijal za transport elektrona, ZnO je prvi put upotrebljen 2013. godine.…”