Bifunctional Enzyme SpoT Is Involved in Biofilm Formation of Helicobacter pylori with Multidrug Resistance by Upregulating Efflux Pump Hp1174 (
            <i>gluP</i>
            )

Ge, Xiaoran; Cai, Yukui; Chen, Zhenghong; Gao, Sizhe; Geng, Xiwen; Wang, Yongdong; Li, Yan; Jia, Jihui; Sun, Yuan

doi:10.1128/aac.00957-18

Cited by 62 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In addition to performing planktonic antibiotic susceptibility tests to determine MIC values, the MBEC analysis, which assesses the viability of the bacteria after exposure to antibiotics taking into account the biofilm, was also performed [17]. Previous H. pylori biofilm studies analyzed the laboratory-adapted strain 26695 [25,26] or a smaller number of clinical isolates (only 1 to 3 strains) [11,27,28]. Those studies reported that the biofilm former cells were more resistant to antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype of Helicobacter pylori Clinical Isolates

Fauzia

Miftahussurur

Syam

et al. 2020

Toxins

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We evaluated biofilm formation of clinical Helicobacter pylori isolates from Indonesia and its relation to antibiotic resistance. We determined the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole and tetracycline by the Etest to measure the planktonic susceptibility of 101 H. pylori strains. Biofilms were quantified by the crystal violet method. The minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) was obtained by measuring the survival of bacteria in a biofilm after exposure to antibiotics. The majority of the strains formed a biofilm (93.1% (94/101)), including weak (75.5%) and strong (24.5%) biofilm-formers. Planktonic resistant and sensitive strains produced relatively equal amounts of biofilms. The resistance proportion, shown by the MBEC measurement, was higher in the strong biofilm group for all antibiotics compared to the weak biofilm group, especially for clarithromycin (p = 0.002). Several cases showed sensitivity by the MIC measurement, but resistance according to the MBEC measurements (amoxicillin, 47.6%; tetracycline, 57.1%; clarithromycin, 19.0%; levofloxacin, 38.1%; and metronidazole 38.1%). Thus, biofilm formation may increase the survival of H. pylori and its resistance to antibiotics. Biofilm-related antibiotic resistance should be evaluated with antibiotic susceptibility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype of Helicobacter pylori Clinical Isolates

Fauzia

Miftahussurur

Syam

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…Efflux pump functions in the formation of biofilms and multidrug resistance (Soto, 2013). gluP has been shown to be involved in the biofilm formation and multidrug resistance of Hp and the expression of gluP is upregulated by SpoT, which is a known global regulator (Ge et al, 2018). In addition to SpoT , there are other genes involved in both biofilm formation and multidrug resistance in Hp , which is mostly mediated through an increased expression of RND efflux pump genes (Yonezawa et al, 2013; Attaran et al, 2017).…”

Section: Genetic Regulatory Pathways Of Hp Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Biofilm Formation in the Development of Digestive Tract Cancer With Special Reference to Helicobacter pylori Infection

et al. 2019

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Bacteria are highly social organisms that communicate via signaling molecules and can assume a multicellular lifestyle to build biofilm communities. Until recently, complications from biofilm-associated infection have been primarily ascribed to increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics and host immune evasion, leading to persistent infection. In this theory and hypothesis article we present a relatively new argument that biofilm formation has potential etiological role in the development of digestive tract cancer. First, we summarize recent new findings suggesting the potential link between bacterial biofilm and various types of cancer to build the foundation of our hypothesis. To date, evidence has been particularly convincing for colorectal cancer and its precursor, i.e., polyps, pointing to several key individual bacterial species, such as Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum , and Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. Gallolyticus. Then, we further extend this hypothesis to one of the most common bacterial infection in humans , Helicobacter pylori ( Hp ), which is considered a major cause of gastric cancer. Thus far, there has been no direct evidence linking in vivo Hp gastric biofilm formation to gastric carcinogenesis. Yet, we synthesize the information to support an argument that biofilm associated- Hp is potentially more carcinogenic, summarizing biological characteristics of biofilm-associated bacteria. We also discuss mechanistic pathways as to how Hp or other biofilm-associated bacteria control biofilm formation and highlight recent findings on Hp genes that influence biofilm formation, which may lead to strain variability in biofilm formation. This knowledge may open a possibility of developing targeted intervention. We conclude, however, that this field is still in its infancy. To test the hypothesis rigorously and to link it ultimately to gastric pathologies (e.g., premalignant lesions and cancer), studies are needed to learn more about Hp biofilms, such as compositions and biological properties of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), presence of non- Hp microbiome and geographical distribution of biofilms in relation to gastric gland types and structures. Identification of specific Hp strains with enhanced biofilm formation would be helpful not only for screening patients at high risk for sequelae from Hp infection, but also for development of new antibiotics to avoid resistance, regardless of its association with gastric cancer.

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“…Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that H. pylori clinical strains TK1402 and TK1049 could increase the tolerance to clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and metronidazole after biofilm formation [24]. The drug-tolerance conferred by biofilms may depend on the overexpression of drug efflux pumps or an increased rate of antibiotic resistance mutations [23,35,98]. The formation of H. pylori biofilms may also create defenses against the host immune system [21,99,100].…”

Section: Biofilm Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Probiotics as Supplementation for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Therapy

Yang

2020

IJMS

110

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Helicobacter pylori is a well-known pathogen that is highly prevalent in the world population, and H. pylori infection is potentially hazardous to humans because of its relationship to various gastrointestinal diseases, such as gastric ulcers, chronic gastritis, and gastric carcinoma. Therefore, the clinical guidelines recommend taking antibiotic therapy to eradicate the pathogen, which usually leads to the desired therapeutic effect. However, some failure cases of this therapy indicate that the increasing antibiotic resistance and side effects may affect the therapeutic effect. Here we propose that using probiotics as supplementation for antibiotic therapy may provide an extra help. Recent studies have shown that probiotic supplementation therapy has promising application prospects; it can enhance the antibiotic effect to achieve a better therapeutic result and maintain the balance of the host gastrointestinal microbiota. In summary, under global conditions of increasing H. pylori prevalence, probiotic supplementation therapy is worthy of further studies for future clinical application.

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Bifunctional Enzyme SpoT Is Involved in Biofilm Formation of Helicobacter pylori with Multidrug Resistance by Upregulating Efflux Pump Hp1174 ( gluP )

Abstract: The drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori is gradually becoming a serious problem. Biofilm formation is an important factor that leads to multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria.

Cited by 62 publications

References 66 publications

Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype of Helicobacter pylori Clinical Isolates

Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype of Helicobacter pylori Clinical Isolates

Potential Role of Biofilm Formation in the Development of Digestive Tract Cancer With Special Reference to Helicobacter pylori Infection

Using Probiotics as Supplementation for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Therapy

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