Bifunctional ratiometric sensor based on highly fluorescent nitrogen and sulfur biomass-derived carbon nanodots fabricated from manufactured dairy product as a precursor

Facile fabrication of boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots for “ON–OFF–ON” fluorescence sensing of Al3+ and F− ions in water samples

“…Carbon dots (CDs), a carbonaceous nanomaterial, have gained much interest in recent years due to their distinctive features, including water solubility, physical and chemical stability, and ease of surface modification. 14–16 These advantages make CDs excellent candidates for applications in cell imaging, catalysis, drug targeting, biosensing, and energy storage applications. 17–20 The photoluminescence properties of CDs are the most interesting features that broaden their applications in quantitative determination.…”

An overview on animal/human biomass-derived carbon dots for optical sensing and bioimaging applications

“…189–195 Some recent reports also evidenced the synthesis of doped CDs using cow milk/milk powder via the HT method. 196–200 For example, Zhang et al 199 obtained N-CDs with a narrow size distribution (1.0–2.0 nm) and excellent QY (59.47%) using cow milk and the HT method. Another recent report also showed that HT-synthesized N,S-CDs from a mixture of milk powder and methionine (S source) showed a good QY (32.7%).…”

“…Another recent report also showed that HT-synthesized N,S-CDs from a mixture of milk powder and methionine (S source) showed a good QY (32.7%). 200 Alternatively, pasteurized/expired/denatured milk-derived CDs resulted in relatively low QYs in the range of 5.7–13.0% (Table 1). 201–204 These results clearly reflect that the HT treatment of pure milk is a good choice to obtain narrow-sized N-CDs with satisfactory QYs.…”

Double protein directed synthesis of chemically etched sulfur doped quantum dots for signal “on–off–on” sensing of glutathione mediated by copper ions

“…10 Among them, fluorescence-based analytical approaches have received the most interest because of their wide dynamic linearity, low detection limit, and simplicity. 11–13 Therefore, a selective and sensitive fluorescent nanoswitch was constructed for estimation of GSH in real samples.…”