Bifunctionalized Mesoporous SBA-15: A New Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Facile Synthesis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

Abstract

Bifunctional porous nanomaterials are very demanding in the context of heterogeneous catalysis. A highly ordered 2D-hexagonal bifunctionalized mesoporous SBA-15 type material MPBOS (mesoporous bifunctionalized organosilica) has been synthesized via a post synthetic route. The surface of the SBA-15 has been functionalized with (3-chloropropyl)­triethoxy­silane to obtain MPCOS (mesoporous chloro-substituted organosilica) material, which undergoes an SN2 substitution reaction of the surface a grafted chloro group with the amine group of organic ligand 5-amino­isophthalic acid, in the presence of potassium carbonate under refluxing conditions, offering the bifunctional material MPBOS. The bifunctionalized material with exceptionally high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 652 m2 g–1 and average pore diameter of 9.4 nm has been characterized thoroughly with powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), N2 sorption analysis, solid state 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP MAS NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and UV–vis spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), NH3 temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), and CHN analysis. The total acidity of this material has been determined from the NH3-TPD analysis, and this is estimated as 1.94 mmol g–1. The acidic and basic sites present in this bifunctionalized material have been explored in catalytic conversion of abundant carbohydrates to hydroxy­methyl­furfural (HMF) with the highest yield of 74 mol % from fructose in organic polar solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) under microwave assisted heating conditions.

Halloysite Nanotubes Templated Acid‐Base Bi‐functional Hollow Polymeric Solids for Select Conversion of Cellulose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural

“…Comparing with Figure a and Figure b, in addition to the peaks of Al, Si, and O, the two new elements peaks of C, N are also observed. The element of N is derived from the ‐NH 2 groups, which have been proven to be beneficial for cellulose to HMF conversion . When compared with Figure b and Figure c, Figure d, Figure e, the new peak of S is obtained, but the primitive peaks of Al and Si are disappeared.…”

Synergistic Effect of Mesoporous Nanocomposites with Different Pore Sizes and Structures on Fire Safety and Smoke Suppression of Epoxy Resin

“…As shown in Figure , GO displays typical signals at 1091, 1398, 1725, 3412, and 1622 cm −1 , which belong to the CO, CH, CO, OH stretching vibrations and HOH bending vibration, respectively . For SBA‐15, three peaks at 476, 804, and 1109 cm −1 are assigned to Si‐O‐Si vibrations; the two peaks at 1643 and 951 cm −1 belong to the O‐H bending vibration and the SiOH stretching vibration, respectively . After high‐temperature reduction, the peak at 951 cm −1 disappears in the curve of SBA‐15‐RGO; in other words, the Si‐OH of SBA‐15 was reduced, which indirectly confirmed the successful reduction of SBA‐15‐GO.…”

Valorization of an underused sugar derived from hemicellulose: efficient synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from mannose with aluminum salt catalyst in dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixed solvent

“…In addition, melezitose can be partially hydrolyzed to glucose and turanose, the latter of which is an isomer of sucrose. 53 As reported, sucrose had a superior reactivity to cellobiose, 34,54 which may be one reason that melezitose showed a better performance than cellobiose.…”

“…33 Bhanja et al synthesized a bifunctionalized mesoporous SBA-15 catalyst which converted mannose into 5-HMF in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with a yield of 61% at 135 C under microwave. 34 Flannelly et al investigated the conversion of mannose and glucose in sulphuric acid solution. Both hexoses underwent comparable conversions with levulinic acid yields of $45%, a followed product through the hydration of 5-HMF, at 150 C aer 6 h. 35 Guo et al studied the conversion of mannose in aqueous medium with Nb 4 W 4 catalyst at 120 C, while the 5-HMF yield was lower than 10%.…”