“…Thus, impulsive differential equations (IDEs) provide a natural and effective description in modelling such processes, such as integrated pest management [41][42][43], prey-predator system [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], competitive system [60][61][62]. In prey-predator system, the human interventions can be divided into prey-dependent [37,41-43, 47, 48, 51-57], predator-dependent [36,37] and ratio-dependent [63] and prey-predator hybrid-dependent [38,39,64,65]. In natural systems, predators and prey are mixed, so it is impossible to determine the exact number of the two species, but their proportions are usually kept constant.…”