Bifurcation Cascade in a Semiconductor Laser Subject to Optical Feedback

Hohl, Angela; Gavrielides, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.1148

Cited by 101 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The occurring bifurcations characterize how the laser switches between different ECMs under changes of the feedback parameters [HOH99].…”

Section: Quantum-dot Laser Dynamics Under Optical Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Lingnau

2015

Springer Theses

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In this thesis the dynamics and performance of optoelectronic devices based on semiconductor quantum-dots are investigated.In the first part, the dynamics of quantum-dot lasers under external perturbations is discussed. Using a microscopically based balance equation model that incorporates detailed charge-carrier scattering dynamics and the possibility to describe nonequilibrium between intra-band electronic states, the relaxation oscillations of the quantum-dot laser are investigated. Three qualitatively different dynamic regimes are identified in dependence of the scattering rates -the "constantreservoir" regime for slow scattering, the "overdamped" regime, and the "synchronized" regime for high scattering -characterized by a varying degree of nonequilibrium between the quantum-dot and reservoir states.Important differences to conventional lasers are found in the modulation response and the dynamics in optical injection and feedback setups. Common theoretical models and approaches used to describe these applications are shown to yield inaccurate predictions, especially in the "constant-reservoir" and "overdamped" dynamic regimes. An important consequence is that the amplitude-phase coupling in quantum-dot lasers, commonly described by the α-factor, differs from conventional descriptions due to the desynchronization of gain and refractive index. While the α-factor describes bifurcations of fixed points accurately, it fails in describing dynamic solutions and overestimates the extent of complex dynamics. The observed low sensitivity to optical perturbations in quantum-dot lasers can therefore be attributed partly to the charge-carrier nonequilibrium. Three quantum-dot laser models on different levels of sophistication are presented that can accurately describe the quantum-dot nonequilibrium dynamics.In the second part of the thesis, the performance of quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers is investigated, and two types of applications unique to quantum-dots as active medium are discussed. The ground and excited states of the quantum-dots allow an ultra-broad-band amplification of optical data streams. Amplified signals on the ground-state frequencies are shown to generally exhibit higher quality than on the excited state, due to a lower sensitivity of the groundstate to carrier-density variations. Nevertheless the quantum-dot amplifier is found to allow effective amplification on both frequency ranges. Furthermore, a parameter range is identified that allows for a simultaneous amplification of data signals on the ground and excited state in a counter-propagating setup.The long microscopically polarization dephasing times in quantum-dots are found to enable quantum-coherent interactions on a macroscopic scale at room-temperature. By comparison with experiments, the occurrence of Rabi-oscillations by amplification of ultra-short pulses is demonstrated. Quantum-dot based devices could therefore be used for future applications based on quantum-coherent effects.

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“…The occurring bifurcations characterize how the laser switches between different ECMs under changes of the feedback parameters [HOH99].…”

Section: Quantum-dot Laser Dynamics Under Optical Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Lingnau

2015

Springer Theses

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“…Since these pumping lasers are designed to have small reflectivity at the front facet and to be subjected to rather larger reflectivity at the FBG, the lasers suffer very strong OFB into the laser cavity [21], [22]. However, these lasers happen to show dramatic changes of the output power, lasing spectrum, and the laser dynamics [23], [24], which can degrade the device performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An improved analysis of semiconductor laser dynamics under strong optical feedback

Abdulrhmann

Ahmed

Okamoto³

et al. 2003

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-We present an improved theoretical model to analyze dynamics and operation of semiconductor lasers under optical feedback (OFB). The model is applicable for arbitrary strength of OFB ranging from weak to very strong. The model has been applied to investigate the dynamics and operation of lasers over wide ranges of OFB and injection current. An improved set of modified rate equations of lasers operating under OFB were proposed. We introduced a theoretical model to determine the power emitted from both the laser back facet and external reflector. The results showed that the operation of semiconductor lasers is classified into continuous wave, chaotic, and pulsing operations, depending on the operating conditions. The light versus current characteristics were examined in the operating regions of the classified operations. Under strong OFB, we predicted for the first time pulsing operation of lasers at injection currents well above the threshold. We observed the pulsing operation in experiments in good correspondence with the simulated results.

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“…For conventional quantum well (QW) based or bulk semiconductor lasers, it is known that even extremely weak feedback levels can lead to chaotic behaviour [4] while for quantum dot (QD) lasers based on InAs material, the stability is improved remarkably [5]. The dynamics of semiconductor lasers undergoing delayed optical feedback has a rich literature: results include chaos synchronization [6], coherence resonance [7], bifurcation cascades [8] and pulse packages [9] amongst many others (see [10] for a comprehensive set of references). Many studies concentrate on the chaotic regime where two distinct behaviours are identified: namely low frequency fluctuations (LFF) and coherence collapse (CC) [3,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of resonant mode-locking via delayed feedback in quantum dot semiconductor lasers

Tykalewicz¹,

Goulding²,

Hegarty³

et al. 2016

Opt. Express

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Abstract:With conventional semiconductor lasers undergoing external optical feedback, a chaotic output is typically observed even for moderate levels of the feedback strength. In this paper we examine single mode quantum dot lasers under strong optical feedback conditions and show that an entirely new dynamical regime is found consisting of spontaneous mode-locking via a resonance between the relaxation oscillation frequency and the external cavity repetition rate. Experimental observations are supported by detailed numerical simulations of rate equations appropriate for this laser type. The phenomenon constitutes an entirely new mode-locking mechanism in semiconductor lasers.

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Bifurcation Cascade in a Semiconductor Laser Subject to Optical Feedback

Cited by 101 publications

References 17 publications

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

An improved analysis of semiconductor laser dynamics under strong optical feedback

Emergence of resonant mode-locking via delayed feedback in quantum dot semiconductor lasers

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