Big Data Knowledge System in Healthcare

Abstract

The health care systems are rapidly adopting large amounts of data, driven by record keeping, compliance and regulatory requirements, and patient care. The advances in healthcare system will rapidly enlarge the size of the health records that are accessible electronically. Concurrently, fast progress has been made in clinical analytics. For example, new techniques for analyzing large size of data and gleaning new business insights from that analysis is part of what is known as big data. Big data also hold the promise of supporting a wide range of medical and healthcare functions, including among others disease surveillance, clinical decision support and population health management. Hence, effective big data based knowledge management system is needed for monitoring of patients and identify the clinical decisions to the doctor. The chapter proposes a big data based knowledge management system to develop the clinical decisions. The proposed knowledge system is developed based on variety of databases such as Electronic Health Record (EHR), Medical Imaging Data, Unstructured Clinical Notes and Genetic Data. The proposed methodology asynchronously communicates with different data sources and produces many alternative decisions to the doctor.

Efficient privacy preservation of big data for accurate data mining

“…There are many practical examples in different domains which produce big data that contain various private information. For example, healthcare systems maintain large amounts of patient data to improve clinical analytics and deliver efficient services to medical staff and patients [29]. In retail environments, an enormous amount of data are created through customer transactions [5].…”

Health Care: Diseases diagnosis Improvement using Optimization Techniques

“…Another way to detach clinical knowledge from the internal programming language control code of the CDSS is through rule-based reasoning systems (also referred to as an expert system). Rules represent and manipulate knowledge in a declarative manner [13]. Over the last several decades numerous representations and systems have spawned but essentially all of them are expressed as IF THEN statements containing two parts: the conditions and the actions.…”

“…A clinical decision support system (CDSS) can be defined as "software that is designed to be of direct aid to clinical decision making in which the characteristics of an individual patient are matched to a computerized clinical knowledge base, and patient-specific assessments or recommendations are then presented to the clinician and/or the patient for a decision [13].…”

“…Another way to detach clinical knowledge from the internal programming language control code of the CDSS is through rule-based reasoning systems (also referred to as an expert system). Rules represent and manipulate knowledge in a declarative manner [13].…”

A Case Study for a Big Data and Machine Learning Platform to Improve Medical Decision Support in Population Health Management

“…analytics [14]. Other platforms have been implemented for genomics data analytics to generate predictions based on DNA molecular changes and mutations [15]. Another type of healthcare platform is related to the healthcare knowledge system, defined as the combination of clinical data and physician expertise to support clinical decision-making and diagnosis [16].…”