Big Data Mining on Trace Element Geochemistry of Sphalerite

Zhao, Heng; Shao, Yongjun; Cao, Genshen; Zhao, Lianjie; Zheng, Xiyue

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4382859

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The geochemical analysis suggests that the REEs easily form complex compounds with CO 3 2− in the fluids and the stability increased from La to Lu. La can easily replace Ca 2+ to form precipitation compared with Yb, leaving a residual amount of HREE in the fluids (Möller, 1983; Zhao, 2016). As crystallization proceeds, complex compounds are gradually destroyed to form Tb‐enriched and La‐depleted calcite (Zhao, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…La can easily replace Ca 2+ to form precipitation compared with Yb, leaving a residual amount of HREE in the fluids (Möller, 1983; Zhao, 2016). As crystallization proceeds, complex compounds are gradually destroyed to form Tb‐enriched and La‐depleted calcite (Zhao, 2016). Therefore, the early stage or original calcite has a lower Tb/La amount, and the later‐stage or activated calcite has a higher Tb/La amount, suggesting that Tb/La can be used as an index to reflect the degree of activation (Möller et al., 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strike‐slip fault zone architecture and its effect on fluid migration in deep‐seated strata: Insights from the Central Tarim Basin

Liu,

Suppe,

Cao

et al. 2024

Basin Research

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The internal fault architecture is crucial in assessing the significance of faults in fluid migration. The development of overlapping zones between segments and subsidiary structures is characteristic of a strike–slip faults. However, their internal architectures and roles in fluid migration are still poorly understood. The Tarim Basin's recently identified strike–slip faults imply that the petroleum resource is hosted in caves that were formed by subsequent dissolution after the formation of the fault zones in carbonate rocks, indicating that the internal fault architecture may be closely linked to the accumulation of petroleum. We investigated the architecture of the strike–slip fault zone using field, geochemical, seismic and well‐logging data. The results revealed that the strike–slip faults contain flower‐like structures in their vertical profiles and an en échelon and ‘X’ conjugate pattern in their horizontal slices. The fault core may become more complex because of the flower structure as fault breccia, slip surfaces, hydrothermal veins, dissolved pores and caves develop, and the damage zone contains multiple stages of fractures with high dip angles. Compared with ‘X’ pattern conjugate faults, NE‐trending strike–slip faults have a more developed and connected fault zone. The fault core acts as a fast conduit for fluid transport and experiences significant elemental losses, and the elemental variations in the damage zone may relate in long‐term and relatively lower‐level fluid–rock interactions. Three fault zone architecture models were created, namely, a releasing bend, a restraining bend and a single segment, and their controlling impacts on fluid migration were addressed accordingly. Our findings imply that fluid migration and accumulation are more favourable at the releasing bend than at the restraining bend and single segment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strike‐slip fault zone architecture and its effect on fluid migration in deep‐seated strata: Insights from the Central Tarim Basin

Liu,

Suppe,

Cao

et al. 2024

Basin Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In that case, those data should be interpolated to replace the blank information (Gregory et al., 2019; Grunsky, 2010; H. M. Liu et al., 2021). In this study, the k‐nearest neighbor (KNN) with the Aitchison distance was used to fill the blank (G. S. Cao, Zhang, Zhao, et al., 2023; Filzmoser et al., 2009; Grunsky et al., 2013; Makvandi et al., 2016a, 2016b; H. T. Zhao et al., 2023). All the elements chosen with less than 40% censored data are suitable for interpolation (Hron et al., 2010; H. M. Liu et al., 2021; Sciuba et al., 2020, 2021).…”

Section: Data Collection and Pre‐processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2022) conducted trace element concentration contour diagrams for pyrite crossing the Jiguanzui skarn Au‐Cu deposit and discovered a strong correlation between the low value of Gd, W, Si, Ca, and high Co/Ni ratio areas with the ore body. Recently, machine learning was also applied to mineral exploration and achieved excellent results compared with traditional discrimination diagrams (Gregory et al., 2019; H. T. Zhao et al., 2023; Y. Z. Zhou et al., 2022; Zou et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Controlling Factors of Apatite Trace Element Composition and Implications for Exploration in Orogenic Gold Deposits

Cao,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Significant and readily accessible orogenic gold deposits have been previously recognized, exploited, and progressively depleted. Innovative approaches are required to discover new and deeply buried deposits. Recently, trace element variations in apatite have been used to distinguish fertile and barren environments as reliable mineral exploration tools. In this study, machine learning models using Random Forest and Deep Neutral Network are utilized to assess the fertility of quartz veins and altered zones in the orogenic gold systems. The two models have been trained using trace element data of apatite, and the performance of both models yield good classification accuracy (∼90% on average) with low false positive rates. Feature importance analysis (Gini decrease and hidden layer weights) suggest that Pb, As, U, Sr, Eu, Mn, and Fe are the important parameters. Arsenic, U, Eu, Mn, and Fe are redox‐sensitive elements, with their concentrations responding to changes in fluid redox conditions. Strontium primarily originates from the breakdown of plagioclase, which is more likely to occur under oxidizing fluid conditions. Therefore, we infer that the main controlling factor of the models is the redox conditions. The two distinct models consistently highlight the most significant contribution of Pb to this differentiation, even though Pb is not a redox‐sensitive element and can only substitute for Ca2+ in apatite as Pb2+. We infer that the high contribution of Pb may be attributed to the potential transportation of Au in the form of a Pb‐(Bi)‐Au melt, and the Pb content in apatite is influenced by the Pb content in the melt, fluid oxygen, and sulfur fugacity. We also propose a novel discriminant plot using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to assess the mineralization potential in quartz veins and alteration zones based on apatite trace element data. The machine learning and LDA results suggest that apatite trace elements could be used effectively in the future orogenic gold deposit exploration.

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Big Data Mining on Trace Element Geochemistry of Sphalerite

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Strike‐slip fault zone architecture and its effect on fluid migration in deep‐seated strata: Insights from the Central Tarim Basin

Strike‐slip fault zone architecture and its effect on fluid migration in deep‐seated strata: Insights from the Central Tarim Basin

Primary Controlling Factors of Apatite Trace Element Composition and Implications for Exploration in Orogenic Gold Deposits

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